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Copper-induced germline apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans: the independent roles of DNA damage response signaling and the dependent roles of MAPK cascades.
Chem Biol Interact. 2009 Jul 15; 180(2):151-7.CB

Abstract

Excess copper is toxic to life. Copper has been shown to induce apoptosis in various cell lines and tissues. However, due to the lack of appropriate gene knockout animal models, data concerning the underlying pathways of copper-induced apoptosis are insufficient, especially with regards to in vivo systems. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a good model to study basic biological processes, including stress responses and apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated copper-induced germline apoptosis in the C. elegans strains carrying mutated alleles of homologs to known mammalian genes that are involved in apoptosis regulation. We show here that exposing C. elegans to copper causes dose- and time-dependent germline apoptosis. The knockout of checkpoint genes hus-1, clk-2, the Bcl-2 homolog ced-9, and the BH3-only domain egl-1 did not prevent cells of the germline from copper-induced apoptosis. The loss-of-function of the tumor suppressor gene, p53/cep-1, caused a significant increase in germline apoptosis with exposure to copper, and the depletion of p53 antagonist ABL1 significantly enhanced apoptosis. The knockout of the caspase gene ced-3 and the Apaf-1 homolog ced-4 abrogated both copper-induced and physiological germline apoptosis. Germline apoptosis stopped increase in the strains lin-45(ku51), mek-2(n1989), mpk-1(ku1) under copper stresses, respectively. Copper-induced apoptosis was blocked in the loss-of-function alleles of both JNK and p38 MAPK cascades excepting pmk-3, one of the three p38 MAPK components. Together, the results of this study suggest that caspase and Apaf-1 are required for copper-induced germline apoptosis while DNA damage response genes are not essential, and that the Raf-MEK-ERK, ASK1/2-MKK7-JNK, ASK1/2-MKK3/6-p38 signaling pathways are indispensable in mediating this apoptotic response.

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Publisher Full Text

Authors+Show Affiliations

Wang S
School of Life Science, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui 232001, People's Republic of China. scwangl@yahoo.com.cn
Wu L
No affiliation info available
Wang Y
No affiliation info available
Luo X
No affiliation info available
Lu Y
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsApoptosisCaenorhabditis elegansCopperDNA DamageDose-Response Relationship, DrugGene DeletionMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesSignal Transduction

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

19497412

Citation

Wang, Shunchang, et al. "Copper-induced Germline Apoptosis in Caenorhabditis Elegans: the Independent Roles of DNA Damage Response Signaling and the Dependent Roles of MAPK Cascades." Chemico-biological Interactions, vol. 180, no. 2, 2009, pp. 151-7.
Wang S, Wu L, Wang Y, et al. Copper-induced germline apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans: the independent roles of DNA damage response signaling and the dependent roles of MAPK cascades. Chem Biol Interact. 2009;180(2):151-7.
Wang, S., Wu, L., Wang, Y., Luo, X., & Lu, Y. (2009). Copper-induced germline apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans: the independent roles of DNA damage response signaling and the dependent roles of MAPK cascades. Chemico-biological Interactions, 180(2), 151-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2009.03.012
Wang S, et al. Copper-induced Germline Apoptosis in Caenorhabditis Elegans: the Independent Roles of DNA Damage Response Signaling and the Dependent Roles of MAPK Cascades. Chem Biol Interact. 2009 Jul 15;180(2):151-7. PubMed PMID: 19497412.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Copper-induced germline apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans: the independent roles of DNA damage response signaling and the dependent roles of MAPK cascades. AU - Wang,Shunchang, AU - Wu,Lijun, AU - Wang,Yun, AU - Luo,Xun, AU - Lu,Yun, Y1 - 2009/03/27/ PY - 2008/11/21/received PY - 2009/03/05/revised PY - 2009/03/16/accepted PY - 2009/6/6/entrez PY - 2009/6/6/pubmed PY - 2009/6/27/medline SP - 151 EP - 7 JF - Chemico-biological interactions JO - Chem Biol Interact VL - 180 IS - 2 N2 - Excess copper is toxic to life. Copper has been shown to induce apoptosis in various cell lines and tissues. However, due to the lack of appropriate gene knockout animal models, data concerning the underlying pathways of copper-induced apoptosis are insufficient, especially with regards to in vivo systems. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a good model to study basic biological processes, including stress responses and apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated copper-induced germline apoptosis in the C. elegans strains carrying mutated alleles of homologs to known mammalian genes that are involved in apoptosis regulation. We show here that exposing C. elegans to copper causes dose- and time-dependent germline apoptosis. The knockout of checkpoint genes hus-1, clk-2, the Bcl-2 homolog ced-9, and the BH3-only domain egl-1 did not prevent cells of the germline from copper-induced apoptosis. The loss-of-function of the tumor suppressor gene, p53/cep-1, caused a significant increase in germline apoptosis with exposure to copper, and the depletion of p53 antagonist ABL1 significantly enhanced apoptosis. The knockout of the caspase gene ced-3 and the Apaf-1 homolog ced-4 abrogated both copper-induced and physiological germline apoptosis. Germline apoptosis stopped increase in the strains lin-45(ku51), mek-2(n1989), mpk-1(ku1) under copper stresses, respectively. Copper-induced apoptosis was blocked in the loss-of-function alleles of both JNK and p38 MAPK cascades excepting pmk-3, one of the three p38 MAPK components. Together, the results of this study suggest that caspase and Apaf-1 are required for copper-induced germline apoptosis while DNA damage response genes are not essential, and that the Raf-MEK-ERK, ASK1/2-MKK7-JNK, ASK1/2-MKK3/6-p38 signaling pathways are indispensable in mediating this apoptotic response. SN - 1872-7786 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/19497412/Copper_induced_germline_apoptosis_in_Caenorhabditis_elegans:_the_independent_roles_of_DNA_damage_response_signaling_and_the_dependent_roles_of_MAPK_cascades_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0009-2797(09)00128-8 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -