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Oxidative stress biomarkers in the digestive gland of Theba pisana exposed to heavy metals.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2010 Apr; 58(3):828-35.AE

Abstract

The in vivo toxic effects of sublethal treatment of 40 and 80% of 48-h LD(50) of topically applied trace metals [copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)] on oxidative stress biomarkers in the digestive gland of Theba pisana were examined. Oxidative individual perturbations were assessed by measuring nonenzymatic (glutathione; GSH) and enzymatic (catalase, CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPx; and glutathione-S-transferase, GST) antioxidants in digestive gland of the snails. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was also evaluated as a marker of cell damage. The results indicated that the copper ion was the most potent metal against this snail, followed by zinc and lead, for which the corresponding LD(50) values were 37.88, 261.72, and 652.55 microg/snail, respectively. The no-observed effect concentration (NOEC) values for Cu, Zn, and Pb were 10, 50, and 500 microg/snail, respectively, and the corresponding lowest-observed effect concentration (LOEC) values were 50, 100, and 1000 microg/snail. All trace metals resulted in a significant increase in the level of LPO, whereas a significant decline in the content of GSH was observed when compared with untreated controls. Treatment with both sublethal doses of the metals caused significant increase in CAT activity, except in the case of 40% LD(50) Zn and 80% LD(50) Cu, which exhibited no alteration in CAT when compared to control animals. GPx was significantly increased in snails exposed to 40% LD(50) Cu and Pb as well as 80% LD(50) Cu. However, an opposite effect was observed in snails exposed to 80% LD(50) Pb and in either 40 or 80% LD(50) of Zn-intoxicated animals. Treatment with Pb at two sublethal doses significantly increased GST activity, whereas treatment the animal with Cu caused significant inhibition in this enzyme. Snails exposed to 40% LD(50) Zn showed significant enhancement of GST, whereas snails exposed to 80% LD(50) showed significantly reduced GST activity. Biphasic responses were observed for CAT, GPx, and GST activities in snails exposed to Cu, Pb, and Zn, respectively. This study suggests that upregulation of the antioxidant enzyme activities, elevation of LPO, and the reduction in GSH content is related to oxidative stress in this species that could be useful as biomarkers for the evaluation of contaminated terrestrial ecosystems.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Radwan MA
Pesticide Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt. mohamedradwan52008@hotmail.com
El-Gendy KS
No affiliation info available
Gad AF
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsBiomarkersCatalaseCopperDigestive SystemEcosystemEnvironmental MonitoringGlutathioneGlutathione PeroxidaseGlutathione TransferaseLeadLethal Dose 50Metals, HeavyOxidative StressSnailsZinc

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

19705050

Citation

Radwan, M A., et al. "Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Digestive Gland of Theba Pisana Exposed to Heavy Metals." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol. 58, no. 3, 2010, pp. 828-35.
Radwan MA, El-Gendy KS, Gad AF. Oxidative stress biomarkers in the digestive gland of Theba pisana exposed to heavy metals. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2010;58(3):828-35.
Radwan, M. A., El-Gendy, K. S., & Gad, A. F. (2010). Oxidative stress biomarkers in the digestive gland of Theba pisana exposed to heavy metals. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 58(3), 828-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-009-9380-1
Radwan MA, El-Gendy KS, Gad AF. Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Digestive Gland of Theba Pisana Exposed to Heavy Metals. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2010;58(3):828-35. PubMed PMID: 19705050.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidative stress biomarkers in the digestive gland of Theba pisana exposed to heavy metals. AU - Radwan,M A, AU - El-Gendy,K S, AU - Gad,A F, Y1 - 2009/08/25/ PY - 2008/12/10/received PY - 2009/08/10/accepted PY - 2009/8/26/entrez PY - 2009/8/26/pubmed PY - 2010/7/7/medline SP - 828 EP - 35 JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology JO - Arch Environ Contam Toxicol VL - 58 IS - 3 N2 - The in vivo toxic effects of sublethal treatment of 40 and 80% of 48-h LD(50) of topically applied trace metals [copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)] on oxidative stress biomarkers in the digestive gland of Theba pisana were examined. Oxidative individual perturbations were assessed by measuring nonenzymatic (glutathione; GSH) and enzymatic (catalase, CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPx; and glutathione-S-transferase, GST) antioxidants in digestive gland of the snails. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was also evaluated as a marker of cell damage. The results indicated that the copper ion was the most potent metal against this snail, followed by zinc and lead, for which the corresponding LD(50) values were 37.88, 261.72, and 652.55 microg/snail, respectively. The no-observed effect concentration (NOEC) values for Cu, Zn, and Pb were 10, 50, and 500 microg/snail, respectively, and the corresponding lowest-observed effect concentration (LOEC) values were 50, 100, and 1000 microg/snail. All trace metals resulted in a significant increase in the level of LPO, whereas a significant decline in the content of GSH was observed when compared with untreated controls. Treatment with both sublethal doses of the metals caused significant increase in CAT activity, except in the case of 40% LD(50) Zn and 80% LD(50) Cu, which exhibited no alteration in CAT when compared to control animals. GPx was significantly increased in snails exposed to 40% LD(50) Cu and Pb as well as 80% LD(50) Cu. However, an opposite effect was observed in snails exposed to 80% LD(50) Pb and in either 40 or 80% LD(50) of Zn-intoxicated animals. Treatment with Pb at two sublethal doses significantly increased GST activity, whereas treatment the animal with Cu caused significant inhibition in this enzyme. Snails exposed to 40% LD(50) Zn showed significant enhancement of GST, whereas snails exposed to 80% LD(50) showed significantly reduced GST activity. Biphasic responses were observed for CAT, GPx, and GST activities in snails exposed to Cu, Pb, and Zn, respectively. This study suggests that upregulation of the antioxidant enzyme activities, elevation of LPO, and the reduction in GSH content is related to oxidative stress in this species that could be useful as biomarkers for the evaluation of contaminated terrestrial ecosystems. SN - 1432-0703 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/19705050/Oxidative_stress_biomarkers_in_the_digestive_gland_of_Theba_pisana_exposed_to_heavy_metals_ L2 - https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-009-9380-1 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -