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Phytoextraction by rice capable of accumulating Cd at high levels: reduction of Cd content of rice grain.
Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Aug 01; 43(15):5878-83.ES

Abstract

In accordance with a new international standard set by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for cadmium (Cd) contentin rice grain, Japan must perform large-scale remediation of paddy fields polluted with lowto moderate levels of Cd. Phytoextraction using hyperaccumulating wild plants has been proposed as a low-cost, environmentally friendly restoration technology. However, because of difficulties with sowing, weed and disease control, and harvesting, hyperaccumulators may not be suitable for large-scale phytoextraction in polluted paddy fields. Here, we demonstrated phytoextraction using Indica-type rice cultivars capable of accumulating Cd at high levels. Phytoextraction with the Indica rice Chokoukoku grown for 2 years without irrigation after drainage removed 883 g Cd ha(-1), reduced the total soil Cd content by 38%, and reduced the grain Cd content in subsequently grown Japonica food rice by 47% without decreasing yield. The results suggest that phytoextraction with Chokoukoku can remove Cd from paddy fields polluted with low to moderate levels of Cd and reduce the grain Cd concentration of Japonica food rice cultivars to below the Codex standard within a reasonable time frame. This approach will help reduce the risk of Cd contamination of rice from paddy fields.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Murakami M
Soil Environment Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan. simple@affrc.go.jp
Nakagawa F
No affiliation info available
Ae N
No affiliation info available
Ito M
No affiliation info available
Arao T
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AgricultureBiodegradation, EnvironmentalCadmiumDose-Response Relationship, DrugEnvironmental MonitoringLightOryzaPlant RootsPlant ShootsRiskSeedsSoilSoil Pollutants

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

19731691

Citation

Murakami, Masaharu, et al. "Phytoextraction By Rice Capable of Accumulating Cd at High Levels: Reduction of Cd Content of Rice Grain." Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 43, no. 15, 2009, pp. 5878-83.
Murakami M, Nakagawa F, Ae N, et al. Phytoextraction by rice capable of accumulating Cd at high levels: reduction of Cd content of rice grain. Environ Sci Technol. 2009;43(15):5878-83.
Murakami, M., Nakagawa, F., Ae, N., Ito, M., & Arao, T. (2009). Phytoextraction by rice capable of accumulating Cd at high levels: reduction of Cd content of rice grain. Environmental Science & Technology, 43(15), 5878-83.
Murakami M, et al. Phytoextraction By Rice Capable of Accumulating Cd at High Levels: Reduction of Cd Content of Rice Grain. Environ Sci Technol. 2009 Aug 1;43(15):5878-83. PubMed PMID: 19731691.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoextraction by rice capable of accumulating Cd at high levels: reduction of Cd content of rice grain. AU - Murakami,Masaharu, AU - Nakagawa,Fumihiko, AU - Ae,Noriharu, AU - Ito,Masashi, AU - Arao,Tomohito, PY - 2009/9/8/entrez PY - 2009/9/8/pubmed PY - 2009/10/20/medline SP - 5878 EP - 83 JF - Environmental science & technology JO - Environ Sci Technol VL - 43 IS - 15 N2 - In accordance with a new international standard set by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for cadmium (Cd) contentin rice grain, Japan must perform large-scale remediation of paddy fields polluted with lowto moderate levels of Cd. Phytoextraction using hyperaccumulating wild plants has been proposed as a low-cost, environmentally friendly restoration technology. However, because of difficulties with sowing, weed and disease control, and harvesting, hyperaccumulators may not be suitable for large-scale phytoextraction in polluted paddy fields. Here, we demonstrated phytoextraction using Indica-type rice cultivars capable of accumulating Cd at high levels. Phytoextraction with the Indica rice Chokoukoku grown for 2 years without irrigation after drainage removed 883 g Cd ha(-1), reduced the total soil Cd content by 38%, and reduced the grain Cd content in subsequently grown Japonica food rice by 47% without decreasing yield. The results suggest that phytoextraction with Chokoukoku can remove Cd from paddy fields polluted with low to moderate levels of Cd and reduce the grain Cd concentration of Japonica food rice cultivars to below the Codex standard within a reasonable time frame. This approach will help reduce the risk of Cd contamination of rice from paddy fields. SN - 0013-936X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/19731691/Phytoextraction_by_rice_capable_of_accumulating_Cd_at_high_levels:_reduction_of_Cd_content_of_rice_grain_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1021/es8036687 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -