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Hydrodynamic and species transfer simulations in the USP 4 dissolution apparatus: considerations for dissolution in a low velocity pulsing flow.
Pharm Res. 2010 Feb; 27(2):246-58.PR

Abstract

PURPOSE

To simulate the hydrodynamics in the flow-through (USP 4) dissolution apparatus and investigate the effects of hydrodynamics on mass transfer in a low velocity pulsing flow.

METHODS

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate the hydrodynamics and mass transfer in pulsing flow. Experimental flow visualisation was used to qualitatively confirm simulated hydrodynamic and mass transfer features. The experimental dissolution rate at 8 ml min(-1) (22.6 mm flow-through cell) was compared to the experimental dissolution rate in a free convection system.

RESULTS

Simulations revealed periods of low velocity at all flow rates, evidence of boundary layer separation, and, at higher flow rates, residual fluid motion during zero inlet velocity periods. The simulated diffusion boundary layer thickness varied in certain regions over the course of the pulse. The experimental dissolution rate in the free convection system was faster than that at 8 ml min(-1) in the flow-through apparatus.

CONCLUSIONS

A low velocity pulsing flow running counter to gravity inhibited the experimental dissolution rate compared to that in a free convection system. From the CFD simulations generated, simulation of both hydrodynamics and species transfer is recommended to characterise the influence of hydrodynamics on dissolution in a low velocity pulsing flow.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

D'Arcy DM
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. ddarcy@tcd.ie
Liu B
No affiliation info available
Bradley G
No affiliation info available
Healy AM
No affiliation info available
Corrigan OI
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Chemistry, PharmaceuticalComputer SimulationMicrofluidic Analytical TechniquesPulsatile FlowRheologySolubilitySolutions

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

20012167

Citation

D'Arcy, Deirdre M., et al. "Hydrodynamic and Species Transfer Simulations in the USP 4 Dissolution Apparatus: Considerations for Dissolution in a Low Velocity Pulsing Flow." Pharmaceutical Research, vol. 27, no. 2, 2010, pp. 246-58.
D'Arcy DM, Liu B, Bradley G, et al. Hydrodynamic and species transfer simulations in the USP 4 dissolution apparatus: considerations for dissolution in a low velocity pulsing flow. Pharm Res. 2010;27(2):246-58.
D'Arcy, D. M., Liu, B., Bradley, G., Healy, A. M., & Corrigan, O. I. (2010). Hydrodynamic and species transfer simulations in the USP 4 dissolution apparatus: considerations for dissolution in a low velocity pulsing flow. Pharmaceutical Research, 27(2), 246-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-009-0010-4
D'Arcy DM, et al. Hydrodynamic and Species Transfer Simulations in the USP 4 Dissolution Apparatus: Considerations for Dissolution in a Low Velocity Pulsing Flow. Pharm Res. 2010;27(2):246-58. PubMed PMID: 20012167.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrodynamic and species transfer simulations in the USP 4 dissolution apparatus: considerations for dissolution in a low velocity pulsing flow. AU - D'Arcy,Deirdre M, AU - Liu,Bo, AU - Bradley,Geoff, AU - Healy,Anne Marie, AU - Corrigan,Owen I, Y1 - 2009/12/10/ PY - 2009/07/14/received PY - 2009/11/03/accepted PY - 2009/12/17/entrez PY - 2009/12/17/pubmed PY - 2010/9/3/medline SP - 246 EP - 58 JF - Pharmaceutical research JO - Pharm Res VL - 27 IS - 2 N2 - PURPOSE: To simulate the hydrodynamics in the flow-through (USP 4) dissolution apparatus and investigate the effects of hydrodynamics on mass transfer in a low velocity pulsing flow. METHODS: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate the hydrodynamics and mass transfer in pulsing flow. Experimental flow visualisation was used to qualitatively confirm simulated hydrodynamic and mass transfer features. The experimental dissolution rate at 8 ml min(-1) (22.6 mm flow-through cell) was compared to the experimental dissolution rate in a free convection system. RESULTS: Simulations revealed periods of low velocity at all flow rates, evidence of boundary layer separation, and, at higher flow rates, residual fluid motion during zero inlet velocity periods. The simulated diffusion boundary layer thickness varied in certain regions over the course of the pulse. The experimental dissolution rate in the free convection system was faster than that at 8 ml min(-1) in the flow-through apparatus. CONCLUSIONS: A low velocity pulsing flow running counter to gravity inhibited the experimental dissolution rate compared to that in a free convection system. From the CFD simulations generated, simulation of both hydrodynamics and species transfer is recommended to characterise the influence of hydrodynamics on dissolution in a low velocity pulsing flow. SN - 1573-904X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/20012167/Hydrodynamic_and_species_transfer_simulations_in_the_USP_4_dissolution_apparatus:_considerations_for_dissolution_in_a_low_velocity_pulsing_flow_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-009-0010-4 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -