Tags

Type your tag names separated by a space and hit enter

US habituation, like CS extinction, produces a decrement in conditioned fear responding that is NMDA dependent and subject to renewal and reinstatement.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2010 May; 93(4):463-71.NL

Abstract

Just as fear can be learned, it can also be inhibited. The most common way of reducing learned fear is through extinction, where the conditioned stimulus (CS) previously paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US) is repeatedly presented on its own. Another, much less commonly studied, way to inhibit learned fear is by habituating, or devaluing, the US. In this procedure, fear responding to a CS is reduced by repeatedly presenting the US in the absence of the CS following the conditioning phase. The purpose of the present study was to directly compare the effects of US habituation and CS extinction on a learned fear response (freezing). Experiment 1 demonstrated that US habituation given either after (Experiment 1A) or before (Experiment 1B) fear conditioning reduced freezing to the CS at test. We then showed that the reduction in freezing resulting from either US habituation or CS extinction was context-specific (i.e., a change in context led to a renewal of the learned fear response; Experiment 2) and, furthermore, was attenuated when a pre-test shock was given (i.e., reinstatement of fear was observed in both cases; Experiment 3). Finally, Experiment 4 demonstrated that an injection of the NMDA antagonist MK-801 prior to US habituation impaired long-term retention of the learning that takes place during this procedure. Together, these results suggest that the decrement in conditioned fear responses produced by US habituation and CS extinction could rely on overlapping processes.

Links

Publisher Full Text
Aggregator Full Text

Authors+Show Affiliations

Storsve AB
School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia. storsve@gmail.com
McNally GP
No affiliation info available
Richardson R
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsConditioning, ClassicalDizocilpine MaleateElectroshockExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsExtinction, PsychologicalFearFreezing Reaction, CatalepticHabituation, PsychophysiologicMemoryNeuropsychological TestsRandom AllocationRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateTime Factors

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

20074653

Citation

Storsve, Andreas Berg, et al. "US Habituation, Like CS Extinction, Produces a Decrement in Conditioned Fear Responding That Is NMDA Dependent and Subject to Renewal and Reinstatement." Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, vol. 93, no. 4, 2010, pp. 463-71.
Storsve AB, McNally GP, Richardson R. US habituation, like CS extinction, produces a decrement in conditioned fear responding that is NMDA dependent and subject to renewal and reinstatement. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2010;93(4):463-71.
Storsve, A. B., McNally, G. P., & Richardson, R. (2010). US habituation, like CS extinction, produces a decrement in conditioned fear responding that is NMDA dependent and subject to renewal and reinstatement. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 93(4), 463-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2009.12.011
Storsve AB, McNally GP, Richardson R. US Habituation, Like CS Extinction, Produces a Decrement in Conditioned Fear Responding That Is NMDA Dependent and Subject to Renewal and Reinstatement. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2010;93(4):463-71. PubMed PMID: 20074653.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - US habituation, like CS extinction, produces a decrement in conditioned fear responding that is NMDA dependent and subject to renewal and reinstatement. AU - Storsve,Andreas Berg, AU - McNally,Gavan P, AU - Richardson,Rick, Y1 - 2010/01/13/ PY - 2009/08/20/received PY - 2009/10/27/revised PY - 2009/12/03/accepted PY - 2010/1/16/entrez PY - 2010/1/16/pubmed PY - 2010/7/31/medline SP - 463 EP - 71 JF - Neurobiology of learning and memory JO - Neurobiol Learn Mem VL - 93 IS - 4 N2 - Just as fear can be learned, it can also be inhibited. The most common way of reducing learned fear is through extinction, where the conditioned stimulus (CS) previously paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US) is repeatedly presented on its own. Another, much less commonly studied, way to inhibit learned fear is by habituating, or devaluing, the US. In this procedure, fear responding to a CS is reduced by repeatedly presenting the US in the absence of the CS following the conditioning phase. The purpose of the present study was to directly compare the effects of US habituation and CS extinction on a learned fear response (freezing). Experiment 1 demonstrated that US habituation given either after (Experiment 1A) or before (Experiment 1B) fear conditioning reduced freezing to the CS at test. We then showed that the reduction in freezing resulting from either US habituation or CS extinction was context-specific (i.e., a change in context led to a renewal of the learned fear response; Experiment 2) and, furthermore, was attenuated when a pre-test shock was given (i.e., reinstatement of fear was observed in both cases; Experiment 3). Finally, Experiment 4 demonstrated that an injection of the NMDA antagonist MK-801 prior to US habituation impaired long-term retention of the learning that takes place during this procedure. Together, these results suggest that the decrement in conditioned fear responses produced by US habituation and CS extinction could rely on overlapping processes. SN - 1095-9564 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/20074653/US_habituation_like_CS_extinction_produces_a_decrement_in_conditioned_fear_responding_that_is_NMDA_dependent_and_subject_to_renewal_and_reinstatement_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1074-7427(10)00005-5 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -