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Does the composition of urine change when collected from disposable diapers and other absorbent materials?
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2010 Nov; 20(7):644-9.JE

Abstract

The free and conjugated urinary species of non-persistent environmental chemicals or their breakdown products are valid human exposure biomarkers. For convenience, disposable diapers and other absorbent materials are widely used to collect urine specimens from infants and young toddlers. However, the extent to which the different urinary species of the target analytes and other components are recovered after the urine is extracted from these absorbent materials is unknown. In this proof-of-concept study, we investigated the extraction recovery from disposable diapers, cotton pads, and gauzes of the free versus glucuronidated urinary species of three example chemicals: bisphenol A, triclosan, and 4-methylumbelliferone. Although the glucuronides were almost fully recovered, the free species were not. Our results suggest that, in addition to other sampling considerations, the binding affinity and extraction recovery of the target biomarkers to the material used to collect the urine should be considered. Alternative collection approaches that do not require such an extraction (e.g., urine bags routinely used in hospitals) may be worth exploring. Despite its shortcomings, having urinary concentrations for biomonitoring considerably strengthens the exposure assessment, particularly for infants and young toddlers, and the benefits of including biomonitoring data outweigh their potential limitations.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Ye X
Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, Mailstop F53, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA. xay5@cdc.gov
Zhou X
No affiliation info available
Bishop AM
No affiliation info available
Needham LL
No affiliation info available
Calafat AM
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Absorbent PadsBenzhydryl CompoundsBiomarkersChromatography, High Pressure LiquidDiapers, InfantEnvironmental MonitoringHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationHymecromoneInfantPhenolsSpecific GravityTandem Mass SpectrometryTriclosanUrine

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

20336050

Citation

Ye, Xiaoyun, et al. "Does the Composition of Urine Change when Collected From Disposable Diapers and Other Absorbent Materials?" Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, vol. 20, no. 7, 2010, pp. 644-9.
Ye X, Zhou X, Bishop AM, et al. Does the composition of urine change when collected from disposable diapers and other absorbent materials? J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2010;20(7):644-9.
Ye, X., Zhou, X., Bishop, A. M., Needham, L. L., & Calafat, A. M. (2010). Does the composition of urine change when collected from disposable diapers and other absorbent materials? Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, 20(7), 644-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2010.16
Ye X, et al. Does the Composition of Urine Change when Collected From Disposable Diapers and Other Absorbent Materials. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2010;20(7):644-9. PubMed PMID: 20336050.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Does the composition of urine change when collected from disposable diapers and other absorbent materials? AU - Ye,Xiaoyun, AU - Zhou,Xiaoliu, AU - Bishop,Amber M, AU - Needham,Larry L, AU - Calafat,Antonia M, Y1 - 2010/03/24/ PY - 2010/3/26/entrez PY - 2010/3/26/pubmed PY - 2010/12/18/medline SP - 644 EP - 9 JF - Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology JO - J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol VL - 20 IS - 7 N2 - The free and conjugated urinary species of non-persistent environmental chemicals or their breakdown products are valid human exposure biomarkers. For convenience, disposable diapers and other absorbent materials are widely used to collect urine specimens from infants and young toddlers. However, the extent to which the different urinary species of the target analytes and other components are recovered after the urine is extracted from these absorbent materials is unknown. In this proof-of-concept study, we investigated the extraction recovery from disposable diapers, cotton pads, and gauzes of the free versus glucuronidated urinary species of three example chemicals: bisphenol A, triclosan, and 4-methylumbelliferone. Although the glucuronides were almost fully recovered, the free species were not. Our results suggest that, in addition to other sampling considerations, the binding affinity and extraction recovery of the target biomarkers to the material used to collect the urine should be considered. Alternative collection approaches that do not require such an extraction (e.g., urine bags routinely used in hospitals) may be worth exploring. Despite its shortcomings, having urinary concentrations for biomonitoring considerably strengthens the exposure assessment, particularly for infants and young toddlers, and the benefits of including biomonitoring data outweigh their potential limitations. SN - 1559-064X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/20336050/Does_the_composition_of_urine_change_when_collected_from_disposable_diapers_and_other_absorbent_materials L2 - https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2010.16 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -