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Antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of two major chromenes from Melicope lunu-ankenda.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Jul 20; 130(2):267-71.JE

Abstract

AIM OF THE STUDY

Melicope lunu-ankenda (Gaertn.) T.G. Hartley is used in Indian traditional medicine for fever, improving complexion and as a tonic. Previous studies have isolated fungicidal, antifeedant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory compounds from Melicope lunu-ankenda. This study is aimed at the isolation and biological activity screening of potential molecules from the volatile oils and extracts of Melicope lunu-ankenda in the light of traditional applications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Volatile oil of Melicope lunu-ankenda leaves was isolated by hydrodistillation, characterized by GC-FID, GC-MS, LRI determination, Co-GC and database searches. Major chromene-type compounds in Melicope lunu-ankenda leaf oil, evodione and leptonol, were isolated by preparative TLC and characterized by UV-Vis, IR, 1H-, 13C-, 13C-DEPT NMR and EIMS. They were also isolated from the petroleum ether and acetone extracts of the leaves of Melicope lunu-ankenda by column chromatography in petroleum ether-ethyl acetate. Their contents in leaf oil, leaf and inflorescence extracts were estimated by HPTLC. Antipyretic (Baker's yeast-induced fever test), analgesic (acetic acid-induced writhing, tail immersion assays), anti-inflammatory (carrageenan-induced paw edema) and in vitro antioxidant (DPPH radical, superoxide radical scavenging) activities of evodione and leptonol were tested.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

Gas chromatographic analyses found 50.7% monoterpene hydrocarbons, 0.4% oxygenated monoterpenes, 3.2% sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, 0.7% oxygenated sesquiterpenes and 43.7% chromene-type compounds in Melicope lunu-ankenda leaf oil, with evodione (20.2%) and leptonol (22.5%) as its two major constituents. HPTLC estimations in the petroleum ether, acetone extracts (leaf, inflorescence) and leaf oil found evodione 1.0% (dr. wt., leaf), 1.1% (inflorescence), 0.04% (fr. wt. leaves, leaf oil), and leptonol 0.3% (leaf), 0.3% (inflorescence) and 0.04% (leaf oil). Leptonol (200 mg/kg) showed good antipyretic activity. DPPH radical scavenging assay found moderate activity for leptonol (68.7%, 500 microM), whereas evodione showed near-zero activity. A very similar trend was found in superoxide radical scavenging activity of leptonol (64.5%) and evodione (10.3%), both at 100 microg/ml. Evodione and leptonol showed moderate analgesic activities in acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion assays. Moderate anti-inflammatory activity was found for both evodione (59.4%) and leptonol (49.0%) at 100 mg/kg.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE

Biological activities of evodione and leptonol isolated from Melicope lunu-ankenda justify its traditional uses as a remedy for fever, inflammation and as a tonic.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Johnson AJ
Phytochemistry & Phytopharmacology Division, Tropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute, Pacha-Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Kumar R A
No affiliation info available
Rasheed SA
No affiliation info available
Chandrika SP
No affiliation info available
Chandrasekhar A
No affiliation info available
Baby S
No affiliation info available
Subramoniam A
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Acetic AcidAnalgesicsAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntioxidantsBenzopyransCarrageenanChemistry Techniques, AnalyticalDisease Models, AnimalDose-Response Relationship, DrugEdemaFeverHot TemperatureInflammationMiceMolecular StructureOils, VolatilePainPain ThresholdPlant LeavesPlant OilsRatsRutaceaeSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSuperoxides

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

20457245

Citation

Johnson, Anil J., et al. "Antipyretic, Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Two Major Chromenes From Melicope Lunu-ankenda." Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 130, no. 2, 2010, pp. 267-71.
Johnson AJ, Kumar R A, Rasheed SA, et al. Antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of two major chromenes from Melicope lunu-ankenda. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010;130(2):267-71.
Johnson, A. J., Kumar R, A., Rasheed, S. A., Chandrika, S. P., Chandrasekhar, A., Baby, S., & Subramoniam, A. (2010). Antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of two major chromenes from Melicope lunu-ankenda. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 130(2), 267-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.05.003
Johnson AJ, et al. Antipyretic, Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Two Major Chromenes From Melicope Lunu-ankenda. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Jul 20;130(2):267-71. PubMed PMID: 20457245.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of two major chromenes from Melicope lunu-ankenda. AU - Johnson,Anil J, AU - Kumar R,Arun, AU - Rasheed,Sherin A, AU - Chandrika,Sreeja P, AU - Chandrasekhar,Arun, AU - Baby,Sabulal, AU - Subramoniam,Appian, Y1 - 2010/05/08/ PY - 2009/12/18/received PY - 2010/04/05/revised PY - 2010/05/04/accepted PY - 2010/5/12/entrez PY - 2010/5/12/pubmed PY - 2010/11/5/medline SP - 267 EP - 71 JF - Journal of ethnopharmacology JO - J Ethnopharmacol VL - 130 IS - 2 N2 - AIM OF THE STUDY: Melicope lunu-ankenda (Gaertn.) T.G. Hartley is used in Indian traditional medicine for fever, improving complexion and as a tonic. Previous studies have isolated fungicidal, antifeedant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory compounds from Melicope lunu-ankenda. This study is aimed at the isolation and biological activity screening of potential molecules from the volatile oils and extracts of Melicope lunu-ankenda in the light of traditional applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Volatile oil of Melicope lunu-ankenda leaves was isolated by hydrodistillation, characterized by GC-FID, GC-MS, LRI determination, Co-GC and database searches. Major chromene-type compounds in Melicope lunu-ankenda leaf oil, evodione and leptonol, were isolated by preparative TLC and characterized by UV-Vis, IR, 1H-, 13C-, 13C-DEPT NMR and EIMS. They were also isolated from the petroleum ether and acetone extracts of the leaves of Melicope lunu-ankenda by column chromatography in petroleum ether-ethyl acetate. Their contents in leaf oil, leaf and inflorescence extracts were estimated by HPTLC. Antipyretic (Baker's yeast-induced fever test), analgesic (acetic acid-induced writhing, tail immersion assays), anti-inflammatory (carrageenan-induced paw edema) and in vitro antioxidant (DPPH radical, superoxide radical scavenging) activities of evodione and leptonol were tested. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Gas chromatographic analyses found 50.7% monoterpene hydrocarbons, 0.4% oxygenated monoterpenes, 3.2% sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, 0.7% oxygenated sesquiterpenes and 43.7% chromene-type compounds in Melicope lunu-ankenda leaf oil, with evodione (20.2%) and leptonol (22.5%) as its two major constituents. HPTLC estimations in the petroleum ether, acetone extracts (leaf, inflorescence) and leaf oil found evodione 1.0% (dr. wt., leaf), 1.1% (inflorescence), 0.04% (fr. wt. leaves, leaf oil), and leptonol 0.3% (leaf), 0.3% (inflorescence) and 0.04% (leaf oil). Leptonol (200 mg/kg) showed good antipyretic activity. DPPH radical scavenging assay found moderate activity for leptonol (68.7%, 500 microM), whereas evodione showed near-zero activity. A very similar trend was found in superoxide radical scavenging activity of leptonol (64.5%) and evodione (10.3%), both at 100 microg/ml. Evodione and leptonol showed moderate analgesic activities in acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion assays. Moderate anti-inflammatory activity was found for both evodione (59.4%) and leptonol (49.0%) at 100 mg/kg. ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Biological activities of evodione and leptonol isolated from Melicope lunu-ankenda justify its traditional uses as a remedy for fever, inflammation and as a tonic. SN - 1872-7573 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/20457245/Antipyretic_analgesic_anti_inflammatory_and_antioxidant_activities_of_two_major_chromenes_from_Melicope_lunu_ankenda_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378-8741(10)00301-6 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -