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Predictors of vitamin D status and its association with parathyroid hormone in young New Zealand children.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Jul; 92(1):69-76.AJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Despite increased awareness of the adverse health effects of low vitamin D status, few studies have evaluated 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status in young children.

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to assess vitamin D status on the basis of 25(OH)D and its relation with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and to identify possible predictors of 25(OH)D status in young children living in a country with minimal vitamin D fortification.

DESIGN

Serum 25(OH)D and PTH concentrations were measured in a cross-sectional sample of children aged 12-22 mo [n = 193 for 25(OH)D, n = 144 for PTH] living in Dunedin, New Zealand (latitude: 45 degrees S). Anthropometric, dietary, and sociodemographic data were collected.

RESULTS

The majority of children sampled in the summer (94%; 47 of 50) had 25(OH)D >50 nmol/L; however, nearly 80% of children sampled in the winter (43 of 55) had serum concentrations < or =50 nmol/L. In season-adjusted multivariate analysis, breastfeeding and higher levels of education were independently associated with lower 25(OH)D concentrations, whereas male sex and cigarette-smoke exposure were positively associated with 25(OH)D (all P < 0.05). Fractional polynomial regression was used to describe the nonlinear relation between serum PTH and 25(OH)D (P < 0.001). When 25(OH)D concentrations were >60-65 nmol/L, a plateau in PTH was evident.

CONCLUSIONS

Seasonal variation in 25(OH)D concentration implies that postsummer vitamin D stores were insufficient to maintain status >50 nmol/L year-round. Examination of the predictors of 25(OH)D in our model shows few modifiable risk factors, and thus effective dietary strategies may be required if future research determines that children with 25(OH)D concentrations <50 nmol/L are at significant health risk. This trial was registered at www.actr.org.au as ACTRN12605000487617.

Links

Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Houghton LA
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. lisa.houghton@otago.ac.nz
Szymlek-Gay EA
No affiliation info available
Gray AR
No affiliation info available
Ferguson EL
No affiliation info available
Deng X
No affiliation info available
Heath AL
No affiliation info available

MeSH

25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2Breast FeedingChild, PreschoolEducational StatusFemaleHumansMaleNew ZealandParathyroid HormonePredictive Value of TestsRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsSeasonsSex CharacteristicsSunlightVitamin DVitamin D Deficiency

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

20484452

Citation

Houghton, Lisa A., et al. "Predictors of Vitamin D Status and Its Association With Parathyroid Hormone in Young New Zealand Children." The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 92, no. 1, 2010, pp. 69-76.
Houghton LA, Szymlek-Gay EA, Gray AR, et al. Predictors of vitamin D status and its association with parathyroid hormone in young New Zealand children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92(1):69-76.
Houghton, L. A., Szymlek-Gay, E. A., Gray, A. R., Ferguson, E. L., Deng, X., & Heath, A. L. (2010). Predictors of vitamin D status and its association with parathyroid hormone in young New Zealand children. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 92(1), 69-76. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.29055
Houghton LA, et al. Predictors of Vitamin D Status and Its Association With Parathyroid Hormone in Young New Zealand Children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92(1):69-76. PubMed PMID: 20484452.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Predictors of vitamin D status and its association with parathyroid hormone in young New Zealand children. AU - Houghton,Lisa A, AU - Szymlek-Gay,Ewa A, AU - Gray,Andrew R, AU - Ferguson,Elaine L, AU - Deng,Xiaolan, AU - Heath,Anne-Louise M, Y1 - 2010/05/19/ PY - 2010/5/21/entrez PY - 2010/5/21/pubmed PY - 2010/7/8/medline SP - 69 EP - 76 JF - The American journal of clinical nutrition JO - Am J Clin Nutr VL - 92 IS - 1 N2 - BACKGROUND: Despite increased awareness of the adverse health effects of low vitamin D status, few studies have evaluated 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status in young children. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess vitamin D status on the basis of 25(OH)D and its relation with parathyroid hormone (PTH) and to identify possible predictors of 25(OH)D status in young children living in a country with minimal vitamin D fortification. DESIGN: Serum 25(OH)D and PTH concentrations were measured in a cross-sectional sample of children aged 12-22 mo [n = 193 for 25(OH)D, n = 144 for PTH] living in Dunedin, New Zealand (latitude: 45 degrees S). Anthropometric, dietary, and sociodemographic data were collected. RESULTS: The majority of children sampled in the summer (94%; 47 of 50) had 25(OH)D >50 nmol/L; however, nearly 80% of children sampled in the winter (43 of 55) had serum concentrations < or =50 nmol/L. In season-adjusted multivariate analysis, breastfeeding and higher levels of education were independently associated with lower 25(OH)D concentrations, whereas male sex and cigarette-smoke exposure were positively associated with 25(OH)D (all P < 0.05). Fractional polynomial regression was used to describe the nonlinear relation between serum PTH and 25(OH)D (P < 0.001). When 25(OH)D concentrations were >60-65 nmol/L, a plateau in PTH was evident. CONCLUSIONS: Seasonal variation in 25(OH)D concentration implies that postsummer vitamin D stores were insufficient to maintain status >50 nmol/L year-round. Examination of the predictors of 25(OH)D in our model shows few modifiable risk factors, and thus effective dietary strategies may be required if future research determines that children with 25(OH)D concentrations <50 nmol/L are at significant health risk. This trial was registered at www.actr.org.au as ACTRN12605000487617. SN - 1938-3207 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/20484452/Predictors_of_vitamin_D_status_and_its_association_with_parathyroid_hormone_in_young_New_Zealand_children_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -