TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of complex, naturally occurring flavonoid glycosides in kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica) by high-performance liquid chromatography diode-array detection/electrospray ionization multi-stage mass spectrometry. AU - Schmidt,Susanne, AU - Zietz,Michaela, AU - Schreiner,Monika, AU - Rohn,Sascha, AU - Kroh,Lothar W, AU - Krumbein,Angelika, PY - 2010/6/17/entrez PY - 2010/6/17/pubmed PY - 2010/9/21/medline SP - 2009 EP - 22 JF - Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM JO - Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom VL - 24 IS - 14 N2 - Kale is a member of the Brassicaceae family and has a complex profile of flavonoid glycosides. Therefore, kale is a suitable matrix to discuss in a comprehensive study the different fragmentation patterns of flavonoid glycosides. The wide variety of glycosylation and acylation patterns determines the health-promoting effects of these glycosides. The aim of this study is to investigate the naturally occurring flavonoids in kale. A total of 71 flavonoid glycosides of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin were identified using a high-performance liquid chromatography diode-array detection/electrospray ionization multi-stage mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS(n)) method. Of these 71 flavonol glycosides, 27 were non-acylated, 30 were monoacylated and 14 were diacylated. Non-acylated flavonol glycosides were present as mono-, di-, tri- and tetraglycosides. This is the first time that the occurrence of four different fragmentation patterns of non-acylated flavonol triglycosides has been reported in one matrix simultaneously. In addition, 44 flavonol glycosides were acylated with p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic, hydroxyferulic or sinapic acid. While monoacylated glycosides existed as di-, tri- and tetraglycosides, diacylated glycosides occurred as tetra- and pentaglycosides. To the best of our knowledge, 28 compounds in kale are reported here for the first time. These include three acylated isorhamnetin glycosides (isorhamnetin-3-O-sinapoyl-sophoroside-7-O-D-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-feruloyl-sophoroside-7-O-diglucoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-disinapoyl-triglucoside-7-O-diglucoside) and seven non-acylated isorhamnetin glycosides. SN - 1097-0231 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/20552580/Identification_of_complex_naturally_occurring_flavonoid_glycosides_in_kale__Brassica_oleracea_var__sabellica__by_high_performance_liquid_chromatography_diode_array_detection/electrospray_ionization_multi_stage_mass_spectrometry_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4605 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -