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Dual role of physical workload and occupational noise in the association of the metabolic syndrome with risk of coronary heart disease: findings from the Helsinki Heart Study.
Occup Environ Med. 2011 Sep; 68(9):666-73.OE

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Previous evidence indicates that occupational exposure to physical workload or noise entails development of hypertension and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, vigorous physical activity lessens the risks of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CHD. We explored this issue by studying the joint effect of physical workload or noise and MetS on risk of CHD.

METHODS

This 18-year follow-up study comprised 1502 middle-aged men employed in industry who participated in the second screening for the Helsinki Heart Study but were not treated with gemfibrozil, the trial drug. The CHD endpoints (ICD-9 codes 410-414 and ICD-10 codes 120-125) were obtained from official Finnish registers. The Finnish job-exposure matrix FINJEM provided information on occupational exposures. The joint effect of baseline MetS levels and both occupational exposures was estimated using Cox's regression models.

RESULTS

Workload and noise increased CHD risk due to increased blood pressure, glucose or body mass index (BMI), separately or combined: the joint effect of workload and MetS defined using these three components yielded an RR of 5.21 (95% CI 2.70 to 10.05). However, when MetS was defined using elevated BMI, high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, an RR of 2.19 (95% CI 1.11 to 4.30) among those with MetS only reduced to 1.20 (95% CI 0.61 to 2.35) if concurrently exposed to workload.

CONCLUSIONS

Occupational exposure to workload or noise modifies CHD risk differently depending on which definition of MetS is used. In the presence of physical workload or noise, hypertension and blood glucose were the best predictors.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Koskinen HL
Tampere School of PublicHealth, University of Tampere,Tampere, Finland. hanna.l.koskinen@uta.fi
Kauppinen T
No affiliation info available
Tenkanen L
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Blood GlucoseBody Mass IndexCholesterol, HDLCoronary DiseaseFinlandFollow-Up StudiesHumansHypertensionIndustryMaleMetabolic SyndromeNoise, OccupationalOccupational ExposureRisk FactorsTriglyceridesWorkload

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

21148595

Citation

Koskinen, Hanna-Leena, et al. "Dual Role of Physical Workload and Occupational Noise in the Association of the Metabolic Syndrome With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: Findings From the Helsinki Heart Study." Occupational and Environmental Medicine, vol. 68, no. 9, 2011, pp. 666-73.
Koskinen HL, Kauppinen T, Tenkanen L. Dual role of physical workload and occupational noise in the association of the metabolic syndrome with risk of coronary heart disease: findings from the Helsinki Heart Study. Occup Environ Med. 2011;68(9):666-73.
Koskinen, H. L., Kauppinen, T., & Tenkanen, L. (2011). Dual role of physical workload and occupational noise in the association of the metabolic syndrome with risk of coronary heart disease: findings from the Helsinki Heart Study. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 68(9), 666-73. https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.2010.057075
Koskinen HL, Kauppinen T, Tenkanen L. Dual Role of Physical Workload and Occupational Noise in the Association of the Metabolic Syndrome With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: Findings From the Helsinki Heart Study. Occup Environ Med. 2011;68(9):666-73. PubMed PMID: 21148595.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Dual role of physical workload and occupational noise in the association of the metabolic syndrome with risk of coronary heart disease: findings from the Helsinki Heart Study. AU - Koskinen,Hanna-Leena, AU - Kauppinen,Timo, AU - Tenkanen,Leena, Y1 - 2010/12/10/ PY - 2010/12/15/entrez PY - 2010/12/15/pubmed PY - 2011/10/14/medline SP - 666 EP - 73 JF - Occupational and environmental medicine JO - Occup Environ Med VL - 68 IS - 9 N2 - OBJECTIVES: Previous evidence indicates that occupational exposure to physical workload or noise entails development of hypertension and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, vigorous physical activity lessens the risks of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CHD. We explored this issue by studying the joint effect of physical workload or noise and MetS on risk of CHD. METHODS: This 18-year follow-up study comprised 1502 middle-aged men employed in industry who participated in the second screening for the Helsinki Heart Study but were not treated with gemfibrozil, the trial drug. The CHD endpoints (ICD-9 codes 410-414 and ICD-10 codes 120-125) were obtained from official Finnish registers. The Finnish job-exposure matrix FINJEM provided information on occupational exposures. The joint effect of baseline MetS levels and both occupational exposures was estimated using Cox's regression models. RESULTS: Workload and noise increased CHD risk due to increased blood pressure, glucose or body mass index (BMI), separately or combined: the joint effect of workload and MetS defined using these three components yielded an RR of 5.21 (95% CI 2.70 to 10.05). However, when MetS was defined using elevated BMI, high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, an RR of 2.19 (95% CI 1.11 to 4.30) among those with MetS only reduced to 1.20 (95% CI 0.61 to 2.35) if concurrently exposed to workload. CONCLUSIONS: Occupational exposure to workload or noise modifies CHD risk differently depending on which definition of MetS is used. In the presence of physical workload or noise, hypertension and blood glucose were the best predictors. SN - 1470-7926 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/21148595/Dual_role_of_physical_workload_and_occupational_noise_in_the_association_of_the_metabolic_syndrome_with_risk_of_coronary_heart_disease:_findings_from_the_Helsinki_Heart_Study_ L2 - https://oem.bmj.com/lookup/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=21148595 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -