Tags

Type your tag names separated by a space and hit enter

Cachexia and protein-energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2012 Feb; 27(2):173-81.PN

Abstract

Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at risk for "cachexia" or "protein-energy wasting" (PEW). These terms describe a pathophysiologic process resulting in the loss of muscle, with or without loss of fat, and involving maladaptive responses, including anorexia and elevated metabolic rate. PEW has been defined specifically in relation to CKD. We review the diagnostic criteria for cachexia and PEW in CKD and consider the limitations and applicability of these criteria to children with CKD. In addition, we present an overview of the manifestations and mechanisms of cachexia and PEW. A host of pathogenetic factors are considered, including systemic inflammation, endocrine perturbations, and abnormal neuropeptide signaling, as well as poor nutritional intake. Mortality risk, which is 100- to 200-fold higher in patients with end-stage renal disease than in the general population, is strongly correlated with the components of cachexia/PEW. Further research into the causes and consequences of wasting and growth retardation is needed in order to improve the survival and quality of life for children with CKD.

Links

PMC Free PDF
PMC Free Full Text

Authors+Show Affiliations

Mak RH
Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. romak@ucsd.edu
Cheung WW
No affiliation info available
Zhan JY
No affiliation info available
Shen Q
No affiliation info available
Foster BJ
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnorexiaBody Mass IndexCachexiaChildChronic DiseaseEnergy IntakeEnergy MetabolismHumansKidney DiseasesProtein-Energy MalnutritionWasting SyndromeWeight Loss

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

21298504

Citation

Mak, Robert H., et al. "Cachexia and Protein-energy Wasting in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease." Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany), vol. 27, no. 2, 2012, pp. 173-81.
Mak RH, Cheung WW, Zhan JY, et al. Cachexia and protein-energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2012;27(2):173-81.
Mak, R. H., Cheung, W. W., Zhan, J. Y., Shen, Q., & Foster, B. J. (2012). Cachexia and protein-energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 27(2), 173-81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-011-1765-5
Mak RH, et al. Cachexia and Protein-energy Wasting in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2012;27(2):173-81. PubMed PMID: 21298504.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Cachexia and protein-energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease. AU - Mak,Robert H, AU - Cheung,Wai W, AU - Zhan,Jian-Ying, AU - Shen,Qian, AU - Foster,Bethany J, Y1 - 2011/02/06/ PY - 2010/06/10/received PY - 2010/12/16/accepted PY - 2010/12/13/revised PY - 2011/2/8/entrez PY - 2011/2/8/pubmed PY - 2012/4/25/medline SP - 173 EP - 81 JF - Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) JO - Pediatr Nephrol VL - 27 IS - 2 N2 - Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at risk for "cachexia" or "protein-energy wasting" (PEW). These terms describe a pathophysiologic process resulting in the loss of muscle, with or without loss of fat, and involving maladaptive responses, including anorexia and elevated metabolic rate. PEW has been defined specifically in relation to CKD. We review the diagnostic criteria for cachexia and PEW in CKD and consider the limitations and applicability of these criteria to children with CKD. In addition, we present an overview of the manifestations and mechanisms of cachexia and PEW. A host of pathogenetic factors are considered, including systemic inflammation, endocrine perturbations, and abnormal neuropeptide signaling, as well as poor nutritional intake. Mortality risk, which is 100- to 200-fold higher in patients with end-stage renal disease than in the general population, is strongly correlated with the components of cachexia/PEW. Further research into the causes and consequences of wasting and growth retardation is needed in order to improve the survival and quality of life for children with CKD. SN - 1432-198X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/21298504/Cachexia_and_protein_energy_wasting_in_children_with_chronic_kidney_disease_ L2 - https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00467-011-1765-5 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -