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Metabolic characterization of Withania somnifera from different regions of India using NMR spectroscopy.
Planta Med. 2011 Nov; 77(17):1958-64.PM

Abstract

Withania somnifera (L.) Dun. (Solanaceae), known as Indian ginseng, is one of the most popular medicinal plants in India. Considering the importance and common use of this plant, it is necessary to investigate its holistic metabolite profile. However, with existing analytical methods which are based on TLC and HPLC‑UV (or MS), it is difficult to obtain information of the whole range of compounds appropriately. In this study, the metabolic characterization of Withania somnifera leaves, stems, and roots collected in six different regions in India was performed using ¹H NMR spectroscopy followed by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). Of the parts of Withania somnifera analyzed in this study, the leaf was found to have the widest range of metabolites, including amino acids, flavonoids, lipids, organic acids, phenylpropanoids, and sugars, as well as the main secondary metabolites of the plant, withanolides. The ¹H NMR spectra revealed the presence of two groups of withanolides: 4-OH and 5,6-epoxy withanolides (withaferin A-like steroids) and 5- OH and 6,7-epoxy withanolides (withanolides Alike steroids). The ratio of these two withanolides was found to be a key discriminating feature of Withania somnifera leaf samples from different origins.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Namdeo AG
Department of Pharmacognosy, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India.
Sharma A
No affiliation info available
Yadav KN
No affiliation info available
Gawande R
No affiliation info available
Mahadik KR
No affiliation info available
Lopez-Gresa MP
No affiliation info available
Kim HK
No affiliation info available
Choi YH
No affiliation info available
Verpoorte R
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Cluster AnalysisGeographyIndiaMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyPlant ExtractsPlant LeavesPlant RootsPlant StemsPlants, MedicinalPrincipal Component AnalysisWithaniaWithanolides

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

21728148

Citation

Namdeo, Ajay G., et al. "Metabolic Characterization of Withania Somnifera From Different Regions of India Using NMR Spectroscopy." Planta Medica, vol. 77, no. 17, 2011, pp. 1958-64.
Namdeo AG, Sharma A, Yadav KN, et al. Metabolic characterization of Withania somnifera from different regions of India using NMR spectroscopy. Planta Med. 2011;77(17):1958-64.
Namdeo, A. G., Sharma, A., Yadav, K. N., Gawande, R., Mahadik, K. R., Lopez-Gresa, M. P., Kim, H. K., Choi, Y. H., & Verpoorte, R. (2011). Metabolic characterization of Withania somnifera from different regions of India using NMR spectroscopy. Planta Medica, 77(17), 1958-64. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1279997
Namdeo AG, et al. Metabolic Characterization of Withania Somnifera From Different Regions of India Using NMR Spectroscopy. Planta Med. 2011;77(17):1958-64. PubMed PMID: 21728148.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic characterization of Withania somnifera from different regions of India using NMR spectroscopy. AU - Namdeo,Ajay G, AU - Sharma,Ajay, AU - Yadav,Kavita N, AU - Gawande,Rupali, AU - Mahadik,Kakasaheb R, AU - Lopez-Gresa,Maria Pilar, AU - Kim,Hye Kyong, AU - Choi,Young Hae, AU - Verpoorte,Robert, Y1 - 2011/07/04/ PY - 2011/7/6/entrez PY - 2011/7/6/pubmed PY - 2013/4/23/medline SP - 1958 EP - 64 JF - Planta medica JO - Planta Med VL - 77 IS - 17 N2 - Withania somnifera (L.) Dun. (Solanaceae), known as Indian ginseng, is one of the most popular medicinal plants in India. Considering the importance and common use of this plant, it is necessary to investigate its holistic metabolite profile. However, with existing analytical methods which are based on TLC and HPLC‑UV (or MS), it is difficult to obtain information of the whole range of compounds appropriately. In this study, the metabolic characterization of Withania somnifera leaves, stems, and roots collected in six different regions in India was performed using ¹H NMR spectroscopy followed by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). Of the parts of Withania somnifera analyzed in this study, the leaf was found to have the widest range of metabolites, including amino acids, flavonoids, lipids, organic acids, phenylpropanoids, and sugars, as well as the main secondary metabolites of the plant, withanolides. The ¹H NMR spectra revealed the presence of two groups of withanolides: 4-OH and 5,6-epoxy withanolides (withaferin A-like steroids) and 5- OH and 6,7-epoxy withanolides (withanolides Alike steroids). The ratio of these two withanolides was found to be a key discriminating feature of Withania somnifera leaf samples from different origins. SN - 1439-0221 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/21728148/Metabolic_characterization_of_Withania_somnifera_from_different_regions_of_India_using_NMR_spectroscopy_ L2 - http://www.thieme-connect.com/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0031-1279997 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -