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Burden of rotavirus and other enteropathogens among children with diarrhea in Burkina Faso.
Int J Infect Dis. 2011 Sep; 15(9):e646-52.IJ

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

There is limited information available regarding the etiology of gastrointestinal infections in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and epidemiology of enteric pathogens causing gastroenteritis in young children, with a focus on rotavirus, and to investigate the levels of malnutrition and other clinical factors in association with the severity of diarrhea.

METHODS

A prospective study was undertaken from May 2009 to March 2010, covering the rainy and dry seasons, at the Saint Camille Medical Center in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. A total of 309 children less than 5 years of age with diarrhea were enrolled and examined for rotavirus, bacterial, and parasitic infections, as well as clinico-epidemiological aspects.

RESULTS

At least one enteropathogen was detected in 57.9% (n=179) of the children. Of these, 32.4% had rotavirus infections, 16.8% bacterial infections (enteropathogenic Escherichia coli 9.7%, Shigella spp 5.8%, and Salmonella spp 2.3%), and 18.8% parasitic infections (Giardia lamblia 11.3%, Trichomonas intestinalis 6.8%, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 1.3%). During the cold dry period from December 2009 to February 2010, we observed a large increase in diarrhea cases, which was mainly attributed to rotavirus infections, as 63.8% of these diarrhea cases were positive for rotavirus. In contrast, no rotavirus infection was observed during the rainy season (June-September 2009), when the frequency of parasitic infections was high. Rotavirus and parasitic infections were age-related, with rotavirus being more prevalent in young children (<12 months) and parasites more common in older children (>12 months), while bacteria were equally prevalent among all age groups. Rotavirus infections exhibited more severe symptoms compared to bacteria and parasites, and were associated with fever, vomiting, and severe dehydration. Malnutrition, especially acute malnutrition (wasting), was significantly associated with more severe symptoms in rotavirus-induced diarrhea. The undernourished children also exhibited a prolonged duration of diarrheal episodes.

CONCLUSION

This study demonstrates rotavirus as the main etiological agent in pediatric diarrhea in Burkina Faso, and further shows the great severity of rotavirus-induced diarrhea in undernourished children in Burkina Faso.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Nitiema LW
Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni Saint Camille CERBA/LABIOGENE, Université de Ouagadougou, 01 BP 364 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso. leon.nitiema@gmail.com
Nordgren J
No affiliation info available
Ouermi D
No affiliation info available
Dianou D
No affiliation info available
Traore AS
No affiliation info available
Svensson L
No affiliation info available
Simpore J
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Age FactorsAnti-Infective AgentsBacterial InfectionsBurkina FasoChild, PreschoolDiarrheaDrug Resistance, BacterialFemaleGastroenteritisHumansInfantMaleMalnutritionParasitic DiseasesPrevalenceRotavirus InfectionsSeasonsTrimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

21763172

Citation

Nitiema, Leon W., et al. "Burden of Rotavirus and Other Enteropathogens Among Children With Diarrhea in Burkina Faso." International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, vol. 15, no. 9, 2011, pp. e646-52.
Nitiema LW, Nordgren J, Ouermi D, et al. Burden of rotavirus and other enteropathogens among children with diarrhea in Burkina Faso. Int J Infect Dis. 2011;15(9):e646-52.
Nitiema, L. W., Nordgren, J., Ouermi, D., Dianou, D., Traore, A. S., Svensson, L., & Simpore, J. (2011). Burden of rotavirus and other enteropathogens among children with diarrhea in Burkina Faso. International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 15(9), e646-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2011.05.009
Nitiema LW, et al. Burden of Rotavirus and Other Enteropathogens Among Children With Diarrhea in Burkina Faso. Int J Infect Dis. 2011;15(9):e646-52. PubMed PMID: 21763172.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Burden of rotavirus and other enteropathogens among children with diarrhea in Burkina Faso. AU - Nitiema,Leon W, AU - Nordgren,Johan, AU - Ouermi,Djeneba, AU - Dianou,Dayeri, AU - Traore,Alfred S, AU - Svensson,Lennart, AU - Simpore,Jacques, Y1 - 2011/07/16/ PY - 2011/02/28/received PY - 2011/05/02/revised PY - 2011/05/11/accepted PY - 2011/7/19/entrez PY - 2011/7/19/pubmed PY - 2011/12/21/medline SP - e646 EP - 52 JF - International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases JO - Int J Infect Dis VL - 15 IS - 9 N2 - OBJECTIVE: There is limited information available regarding the etiology of gastrointestinal infections in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and epidemiology of enteric pathogens causing gastroenteritis in young children, with a focus on rotavirus, and to investigate the levels of malnutrition and other clinical factors in association with the severity of diarrhea. METHODS: A prospective study was undertaken from May 2009 to March 2010, covering the rainy and dry seasons, at the Saint Camille Medical Center in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. A total of 309 children less than 5 years of age with diarrhea were enrolled and examined for rotavirus, bacterial, and parasitic infections, as well as clinico-epidemiological aspects. RESULTS: At least one enteropathogen was detected in 57.9% (n=179) of the children. Of these, 32.4% had rotavirus infections, 16.8% bacterial infections (enteropathogenic Escherichia coli 9.7%, Shigella spp 5.8%, and Salmonella spp 2.3%), and 18.8% parasitic infections (Giardia lamblia 11.3%, Trichomonas intestinalis 6.8%, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 1.3%). During the cold dry period from December 2009 to February 2010, we observed a large increase in diarrhea cases, which was mainly attributed to rotavirus infections, as 63.8% of these diarrhea cases were positive for rotavirus. In contrast, no rotavirus infection was observed during the rainy season (June-September 2009), when the frequency of parasitic infections was high. Rotavirus and parasitic infections were age-related, with rotavirus being more prevalent in young children (<12 months) and parasites more common in older children (>12 months), while bacteria were equally prevalent among all age groups. Rotavirus infections exhibited more severe symptoms compared to bacteria and parasites, and were associated with fever, vomiting, and severe dehydration. Malnutrition, especially acute malnutrition (wasting), was significantly associated with more severe symptoms in rotavirus-induced diarrhea. The undernourished children also exhibited a prolonged duration of diarrheal episodes. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates rotavirus as the main etiological agent in pediatric diarrhea in Burkina Faso, and further shows the great severity of rotavirus-induced diarrhea in undernourished children in Burkina Faso. SN - 1878-3511 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/21763172/Burden_of_rotavirus_and_other_enteropathogens_among_children_with_diarrhea_in_Burkina_Faso_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -