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The cortisol awakening response (CAR) in 2- to 4-year-old children: effects of acute nighttime sleep restriction, wake time, and daytime napping.
Dev Psychobiol. 2012 May; 54(4):412-22.DP

Abstract

The cortisol awakening response (CAR) is presumed critically important for healthy adaptation. The current literature, however, is hampered by systematic measurement difficulties relative to awakening, especially with young children. While reports suggest the CAR is smaller in children than adults, well-controlled research in early childhood is scarce. We examined whether robust CARs exist in 2- to 4-year-old children and if sleep restriction, wake timing, and napping influence the CAR (n = 7). During a 25-day in-home protocol, researchers collected four salivary cortisol samples (0, 15, 30, 45 min post-wake) following five polysomnographic sleep recordings on nonconsecutive days after 4 hr (morning nap), 7 hr (afternoon nap), 10 hr (evening nap), 13 hr (baseline night), and 16 hr (sleep restriction night) of wakefulness (20 samples/child). The CAR was robust after nighttime sleep, diminished after sleep restriction, and smaller but distinct after morning and afternoon (not evening) naps. Cortisol remained elevated 45 min after morning and afternoon naps. .

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Gribbin CE
Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Watamura SE
No affiliation info available
Cairns A
No affiliation info available
Harsh JR
No affiliation info available
Lebourgeois MK
No affiliation info available

MeSH

ActigraphyChild, PreschoolCircadian RhythmFemaleHumansHydrocortisoneMalePolysomnographySalivaSleepWakefulness

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Language

eng

PubMed ID

21953381

Citation

Gribbin, Colleen E., et al. "The Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR) in 2- to 4-year-old Children: Effects of Acute Nighttime Sleep Restriction, Wake Time, and Daytime Napping." Developmental Psychobiology, vol. 54, no. 4, 2012, pp. 412-22.
Gribbin CE, Watamura SE, Cairns A, et al. The cortisol awakening response (CAR) in 2- to 4-year-old children: effects of acute nighttime sleep restriction, wake time, and daytime napping. Dev Psychobiol. 2012;54(4):412-22.
Gribbin, C. E., Watamura, S. E., Cairns, A., Harsh, J. R., & Lebourgeois, M. K. (2012). The cortisol awakening response (CAR) in 2- to 4-year-old children: effects of acute nighttime sleep restriction, wake time, and daytime napping. Developmental Psychobiology, 54(4), 412-22. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.20599
Gribbin CE, et al. The Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR) in 2- to 4-year-old Children: Effects of Acute Nighttime Sleep Restriction, Wake Time, and Daytime Napping. Dev Psychobiol. 2012;54(4):412-22. PubMed PMID: 21953381.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - The cortisol awakening response (CAR) in 2- to 4-year-old children: effects of acute nighttime sleep restriction, wake time, and daytime napping. AU - Gribbin,Colleen E, AU - Watamura,Sarah Enos, AU - Cairns,Alyssa, AU - Harsh,John R, AU - Lebourgeois,Monique K, Y1 - 2011/09/27/ PY - 2010/11/22/received PY - 2011/07/25/accepted PY - 2011/9/29/entrez PY - 2011/9/29/pubmed PY - 2012/8/11/medline SP - 412 EP - 22 JF - Developmental psychobiology JO - Dev Psychobiol VL - 54 IS - 4 N2 - The cortisol awakening response (CAR) is presumed critically important for healthy adaptation. The current literature, however, is hampered by systematic measurement difficulties relative to awakening, especially with young children. While reports suggest the CAR is smaller in children than adults, well-controlled research in early childhood is scarce. We examined whether robust CARs exist in 2- to 4-year-old children and if sleep restriction, wake timing, and napping influence the CAR (n = 7). During a 25-day in-home protocol, researchers collected four salivary cortisol samples (0, 15, 30, 45 min post-wake) following five polysomnographic sleep recordings on nonconsecutive days after 4 hr (morning nap), 7 hr (afternoon nap), 10 hr (evening nap), 13 hr (baseline night), and 16 hr (sleep restriction night) of wakefulness (20 samples/child). The CAR was robust after nighttime sleep, diminished after sleep restriction, and smaller but distinct after morning and afternoon (not evening) naps. Cortisol remained elevated 45 min after morning and afternoon naps. . SN - 1098-2302 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/21953381/The_cortisol_awakening_response__CAR__in_2__to_4_year_old_children:_effects_of_acute_nighttime_sleep_restriction_wake_time_and_daytime_napping_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.20599 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -