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Reappraising the ultimatum: an fMRI study of emotion regulation and decision making.
Cereb Cortex. 2013 Feb; 23(2):399-410.CC

Abstract

Emotion regulation strategies provide a means by which to modulate our social behavior. In this study, we investigated the effect of using reappraisal to both up- and downregulate social decision making. After being instructed on how to use reappraisal, participants played the Ultimatum Game while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging and applied the strategies of upregulation (reappraising the proposer's intentions as more negative), down-regulation (reappraising the proposer's intentions as less negative), as well as a baseline "look" condition. As hypothesized, when reappraising, decision acceptance rates were altered, with a greater number of unfair offers accepted while down-regulating and a greater number of unfair offers rejected while upregulating, both relative to the baseline condition. At the neural level, during reappraisal, significant activations were observed in the inferior and middle frontal gyrus (MFG), in addition to the medial prefrontal cortex and cingulate gyrus for unfair offers only. Regulated decisions involved left inferior frontal gyrus for upregulation and MFG for down-regulation strategies, respectively. Importantly, the effects of emotion modulation were evident in posterior insula, with less activation for down-regulation and more activation for upregulation in these areas. Notably, we show for the first time that top-down strategies such as reappraisal strongly affect our socioeconomic decisions.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Grecucci A
Department of Cognitive Science and Education, University of Trento, Corso Bettini 31 I-38122, Rovereto, Italy. alessandro.grecucci@unitn.it
Giorgetta C
No affiliation info available
Van't Wout M
No affiliation info available
Bonini N
No affiliation info available
Sanfey AG
No affiliation info available

MeSH

BrainBrain MappingDecision MakingEmotionsFemaleGames, ExperimentalHumansImage Interpretation, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

22368088

Citation

Grecucci, Alessandro, et al. "Reappraising the Ultimatum: an fMRI Study of Emotion Regulation and Decision Making." Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), vol. 23, no. 2, 2013, pp. 399-410.
Grecucci A, Giorgetta C, Van't Wout M, et al. Reappraising the ultimatum: an fMRI study of emotion regulation and decision making. Cereb Cortex. 2013;23(2):399-410.
Grecucci, A., Giorgetta, C., Van't Wout, M., Bonini, N., & Sanfey, A. G. (2013). Reappraising the ultimatum: an fMRI study of emotion regulation and decision making. Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 23(2), 399-410. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhs028
Grecucci A, et al. Reappraising the Ultimatum: an fMRI Study of Emotion Regulation and Decision Making. Cereb Cortex. 2013;23(2):399-410. PubMed PMID: 22368088.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Reappraising the ultimatum: an fMRI study of emotion regulation and decision making. AU - Grecucci,Alessandro, AU - Giorgetta,Cinzia, AU - Van't Wout,Mascha, AU - Bonini,Nicolao, AU - Sanfey,Alan G, Y1 - 2012/02/23/ PY - 2012/2/28/entrez PY - 2012/3/1/pubmed PY - 2013/7/23/medline SP - 399 EP - 410 JF - Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) JO - Cereb Cortex VL - 23 IS - 2 N2 - Emotion regulation strategies provide a means by which to modulate our social behavior. In this study, we investigated the effect of using reappraisal to both up- and downregulate social decision making. After being instructed on how to use reappraisal, participants played the Ultimatum Game while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging and applied the strategies of upregulation (reappraising the proposer's intentions as more negative), down-regulation (reappraising the proposer's intentions as less negative), as well as a baseline "look" condition. As hypothesized, when reappraising, decision acceptance rates were altered, with a greater number of unfair offers accepted while down-regulating and a greater number of unfair offers rejected while upregulating, both relative to the baseline condition. At the neural level, during reappraisal, significant activations were observed in the inferior and middle frontal gyrus (MFG), in addition to the medial prefrontal cortex and cingulate gyrus for unfair offers only. Regulated decisions involved left inferior frontal gyrus for upregulation and MFG for down-regulation strategies, respectively. Importantly, the effects of emotion modulation were evident in posterior insula, with less activation for down-regulation and more activation for upregulation in these areas. Notably, we show for the first time that top-down strategies such as reappraisal strongly affect our socioeconomic decisions. SN - 1460-2199 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/22368088/Reappraising_the_ultimatum:_an_fMRI_study_of_emotion_regulation_and_decision_making_ L2 - https://academic.oup.com/cercor/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/cercor/bhs028 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -