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Evaluative conditioning without directly experienced pairings of the conditioned and the unconditioned stimuli.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2012; 65(9):1657-74.QJ

Abstract

Evaluative conditioning (EC) is the valence change of a stimulus (conditioned stimulus, CS) that is due to the previous pairing with another stimulus (unconditioned stimulus, US). We investigated whether EC can occur also when the CS-US pairings are not experienced directly by the participant but are implied by other events that the participant encounters. In two experiments, positive USs were presented in some trials and negative USs in other trials. Afterwards, participants were given information from which it was possible to conclude that CSs were covertly present during these trials. Finally, the valence of these CSs was registered using both implicit (Implicit Association Test, affective priming) and explicit measures (valence ratings). In line with the assumption that EC effects can be based on CS-US pairings that are not directly experienced, the valence of the CSs changed in the direction of the US with which they were covertly paired. This effect was observed both on explicit and on implicit measures. We argue that several aspects of our results are in line with propositional models of EC and fit less well with association formation models.

Links

Publisher Full Text
journals.sagepub.com
tandfonline.com

Authors+Show Affiliations

Gast A
Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Anne.Gast@UGent.be
De Houwer J
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAffectAssociation LearningConditioning, PsychologicalFemaleHumansMale

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

22512240

Citation

Gast, Anne, and Jan De Houwer. "Evaluative Conditioning Without Directly Experienced Pairings of the Conditioned and the Unconditioned Stimuli." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006), vol. 65, no. 9, 2012, pp. 1657-74.
Gast A, De Houwer J. Evaluative conditioning without directly experienced pairings of the conditioned and the unconditioned stimuli. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2012;65(9):1657-74.
Gast, A., & De Houwer, J. (2012). Evaluative conditioning without directly experienced pairings of the conditioned and the unconditioned stimuli. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006), 65(9), 1657-74. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.665061
Gast A, De Houwer J. Evaluative Conditioning Without Directly Experienced Pairings of the Conditioned and the Unconditioned Stimuli. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2012;65(9):1657-74. PubMed PMID: 22512240.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluative conditioning without directly experienced pairings of the conditioned and the unconditioned stimuli. AU - Gast,Anne, AU - De Houwer,Jan, Y1 - 2012/04/18/ PY - 2012/4/20/entrez PY - 2012/4/20/pubmed PY - 2013/1/15/medline SP - 1657 EP - 74 JF - Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006) JO - Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) VL - 65 IS - 9 N2 - Evaluative conditioning (EC) is the valence change of a stimulus (conditioned stimulus, CS) that is due to the previous pairing with another stimulus (unconditioned stimulus, US). We investigated whether EC can occur also when the CS-US pairings are not experienced directly by the participant but are implied by other events that the participant encounters. In two experiments, positive USs were presented in some trials and negative USs in other trials. Afterwards, participants were given information from which it was possible to conclude that CSs were covertly present during these trials. Finally, the valence of these CSs was registered using both implicit (Implicit Association Test, affective priming) and explicit measures (valence ratings). In line with the assumption that EC effects can be based on CS-US pairings that are not directly experienced, the valence of the CSs changed in the direction of the US with which they were covertly paired. This effect was observed both on explicit and on implicit measures. We argue that several aspects of our results are in line with propositional models of EC and fit less well with association formation models. SN - 1747-0226 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/22512240/Evaluative_conditioning_without_directly_experienced_pairings_of_the_conditioned_and_the_unconditioned_stimuli_ L2 - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1080/17470218.2012.665061?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub=pubmed DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -