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Improving delayed face recognition in Alzheimer's disease by differential outcomes.
Neuropsychology. 2012 Jul; 26(4):483-9.N

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Previous studies have demonstrated the benefit of the differential outcomes procedure (DOP) in human learning. In the present study we aimed to explore whether the DOP might also help to overcome the face recognition memory deficit commonly observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.

METHOD

A delayed matching-to-sample task was used. Participants were instructed to choose which of the 4 alternative faces (comparison stimuli) matched the previously seen face (sample stimulus). Either short (5 seconds) or long (25 seconds) delays were interposed between the sample and the comparison stimuli. In the differential outcomes condition each sample face was paired with its own outcome. In contrast, in the nondifferential condition, outcomes were randomly arranged.

RESULTS

The differential outcomes effect (DOE) was evident in the AD patients with both accuracy and latency data. That is, they showed a significantly better and faster delayed face recognition when differential outcomes were arranged. The analyses also revealed a significant main effect of delay; participants were slower in the 25 seconds condition than in the 5 seconds condition, but the difference was higher in the patients than in the controls.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings demonstrate, to our knowledge for the first time, that face recognition memory in patients with Alzheimer is improved when differential outcomes are used and draw attention to the potential of this procedure as a therapeutic technique.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Plaza V
Departamento de Psicología Básica y Metodología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
López-Crespo G
No affiliation info available
Antúnez C
No affiliation info available
Fuentes LJ
No affiliation info available
Estévez AF
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseFaceFemaleHumansMaleMemory DisordersNeuropsychological TestsPaired-Associate LearningPhotic StimulationReaction TimeRecognition, PsychologyReinforcement, PsychologyStatistics, Nonparametric

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

22545618

Citation

Plaza, Victoria, et al. "Improving Delayed Face Recognition in Alzheimer's Disease By Differential Outcomes." Neuropsychology, vol. 26, no. 4, 2012, pp. 483-9.
Plaza V, López-Crespo G, Antúnez C, et al. Improving delayed face recognition in Alzheimer's disease by differential outcomes. Neuropsychology. 2012;26(4):483-9.
Plaza, V., López-Crespo, G., Antúnez, C., Fuentes, L. J., & Estévez, A. F. (2012). Improving delayed face recognition in Alzheimer's disease by differential outcomes. Neuropsychology, 26(4), 483-9. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028485
Plaza V, et al. Improving Delayed Face Recognition in Alzheimer's Disease By Differential Outcomes. Neuropsychology. 2012;26(4):483-9. PubMed PMID: 22545618.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Improving delayed face recognition in Alzheimer's disease by differential outcomes. AU - Plaza,Victoria, AU - López-Crespo,Ginesa, AU - Antúnez,Carmen, AU - Fuentes,Luis J, AU - Estévez,Angeles F, Y1 - 2012/04/30/ PY - 2012/5/2/entrez PY - 2012/5/2/pubmed PY - 2012/12/10/medline SP - 483 EP - 9 JF - Neuropsychology JO - Neuropsychology VL - 26 IS - 4 N2 - OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have demonstrated the benefit of the differential outcomes procedure (DOP) in human learning. In the present study we aimed to explore whether the DOP might also help to overcome the face recognition memory deficit commonly observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. METHOD: A delayed matching-to-sample task was used. Participants were instructed to choose which of the 4 alternative faces (comparison stimuli) matched the previously seen face (sample stimulus). Either short (5 seconds) or long (25 seconds) delays were interposed between the sample and the comparison stimuli. In the differential outcomes condition each sample face was paired with its own outcome. In contrast, in the nondifferential condition, outcomes were randomly arranged. RESULTS: The differential outcomes effect (DOE) was evident in the AD patients with both accuracy and latency data. That is, they showed a significantly better and faster delayed face recognition when differential outcomes were arranged. The analyses also revealed a significant main effect of delay; participants were slower in the 25 seconds condition than in the 5 seconds condition, but the difference was higher in the patients than in the controls. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate, to our knowledge for the first time, that face recognition memory in patients with Alzheimer is improved when differential outcomes are used and draw attention to the potential of this procedure as a therapeutic technique. SN - 1931-1559 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/22545618/Improving_delayed_face_recognition_in_Alzheimer's_disease_by_differential_outcomes_ L2 - http://content.apa.org/journals/neu/26/4/483 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -