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A meta-analytic review of polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions in dementia.
J Clin Psychiatry. 2012 Sep; 73(9):1245-54.JC

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA), total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and total n-6 PUFAs were changed in patients with dementia or predementia syndrome.

DATA SOURCES

PubMed was searched for studies from first date available to July 2011 using the following search terms: (dementia OR cognitive impairment OR mild cognitive impairment) AND (omega-3 OR omega-6 OR polyunsaturated fatty acid OR docosahexaenoic acid OR DHA OR eicosapentaenoic acid OR EPA). The search was limited to literature in English and to human studies. The references of relevant articles and review articles were searched for citations not indexed in PubMed.

STUDY SELECTION

Studies were included if they measured levels of EPA, DHA, AA, total n-3 PUFAs, or total n-6 PUFAs from peripheral blood tissues in subjects with cognitive deficits (dementia or predementia syndrome) and elderly controls and were published in peer-reviewed journals. The search yielded 10 articles including 2,280 subjects.

DATA EXTRACTION

The study design, sample size, PUFA levels for both patients and control subjects, sampling tissue, diagnoses and diagnostic criteria for cognitive deficits, and distribution of mean age and gender of included subjects were extracted for each study.

RESULTS

In a random-effects model, we found that the levels of EPA (effect size [ES] = -0.47, P < .0001), DHA (ES = -0.33, P = .017), and total n-3 PUFAs (ES = -0.46, P = .001) were decreased in patients with dementia. However, the levels of EPA (ES = -0.44, P = .002), but not DHA or other PUFAs, were significantly lower in patients with predementia syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results support the important role of n-3 PUFAs in the pathophysiology of dementia. In addition, the analyses of predementia studies indicate that EPA might be not only a disease-state marker but also a risk factor for cognitive impairment.

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Publisher Full Text

Authors+Show Affiliations

Lin PY
Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Chiu CC
No affiliation info available
Huang SY
No affiliation info available
Su KP
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Arachidonic AcidsCase-Control StudiesCognitive DysfunctionDementiaDocosahexaenoic AcidsEicosapentaenoic AcidFatty Acids, Omega-3Fatty Acids, Omega-6Fatty Acids, UnsaturatedHumans

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Meta-Analysis
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

22938939

Citation

Lin, Pao-Yen, et al. "A Meta-analytic Review of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Dementia." The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, vol. 73, no. 9, 2012, pp. 1245-54.
Lin PY, Chiu CC, Huang SY, et al. A meta-analytic review of polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions in dementia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012;73(9):1245-54.
Lin, P. Y., Chiu, C. C., Huang, S. Y., & Su, K. P. (2012). A meta-analytic review of polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions in dementia. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 73(9), 1245-54. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.11r07546
Lin PY, et al. A Meta-analytic Review of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions in Dementia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012;73(9):1245-54. PubMed PMID: 22938939.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - A meta-analytic review of polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions in dementia. AU - Lin,Pao-Yen, AU - Chiu,Chih-Chiang, AU - Huang,Shih-Yi, AU - Su,Kuan-Pin, Y1 - 2012/08/07/ PY - 2011/11/19/received PY - 2012/04/09/accepted PY - 2012/9/4/entrez PY - 2012/9/4/pubmed PY - 2012/12/27/medline SP - 1245 EP - 54 JF - The Journal of clinical psychiatry JO - J Clin Psychiatry VL - 73 IS - 9 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA), total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and total n-6 PUFAs were changed in patients with dementia or predementia syndrome. DATA SOURCES: PubMed was searched for studies from first date available to July 2011 using the following search terms: (dementia OR cognitive impairment OR mild cognitive impairment) AND (omega-3 OR omega-6 OR polyunsaturated fatty acid OR docosahexaenoic acid OR DHA OR eicosapentaenoic acid OR EPA). The search was limited to literature in English and to human studies. The references of relevant articles and review articles were searched for citations not indexed in PubMed. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were included if they measured levels of EPA, DHA, AA, total n-3 PUFAs, or total n-6 PUFAs from peripheral blood tissues in subjects with cognitive deficits (dementia or predementia syndrome) and elderly controls and were published in peer-reviewed journals. The search yielded 10 articles including 2,280 subjects. DATA EXTRACTION: The study design, sample size, PUFA levels for both patients and control subjects, sampling tissue, diagnoses and diagnostic criteria for cognitive deficits, and distribution of mean age and gender of included subjects were extracted for each study. RESULTS: In a random-effects model, we found that the levels of EPA (effect size [ES] = -0.47, P < .0001), DHA (ES = -0.33, P = .017), and total n-3 PUFAs (ES = -0.46, P = .001) were decreased in patients with dementia. However, the levels of EPA (ES = -0.44, P = .002), but not DHA or other PUFAs, were significantly lower in patients with predementia syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the important role of n-3 PUFAs in the pathophysiology of dementia. In addition, the analyses of predementia studies indicate that EPA might be not only a disease-state marker but also a risk factor for cognitive impairment. SN - 1555-2101 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/22938939/A_meta_analytic_review_of_polyunsaturated_fatty_acid_compositions_in_dementia_ L2 - http://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/article/pages/2012/v73n09/v73n0915.aspx DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -