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Instructed extinction differentially affects the emotional and cognitive expression of associative fear memory.
Psychophysiology. 2012 Oct; 49(10):1426-35.P

Abstract

Instructed extinction after fear conditioning is relatively effective in attenuating electrodermal responding. Testing the single-process account of fear learning, we examined whether this manipulation similarly affects the startle response. Skin conductance responses (SCRs), startle responses, and online unconditioned stimulus (US) expectancy ratings were measured during fear acquisition (Day 1), extinction, and reinstatement (Day 2). Before extinction onset, half of the subjects were instructed that the conditioned stimulus would not be followed by the US (Instructed Extinction) whereas the other subjects were not instructed (Normal Extinction). This simple instruction completely abolished both differential SCR and US expectancy ratings, but not the startle fear response. Although the manipulation facilitated extinction learning, it did not prevent the recovery of the startle response. The present findings are better explained by a dual- rather than a single-process account of fear learning.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Sevenster D
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Beckers T
No affiliation info available
Kindt M
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultCognitionConditioning, PsychologicalEmotionsExtinction, PsychologicalFearFemaleGalvanic Skin ResponseHumansMaleMemoryPhotic StimulationReflex, StartleYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

22958209

Citation

Sevenster, Dieuwke, et al. "Instructed Extinction Differentially Affects the Emotional and Cognitive Expression of Associative Fear Memory." Psychophysiology, vol. 49, no. 10, 2012, pp. 1426-35.
Sevenster D, Beckers T, Kindt M. Instructed extinction differentially affects the emotional and cognitive expression of associative fear memory. Psychophysiology. 2012;49(10):1426-35.
Sevenster, D., Beckers, T., & Kindt, M. (2012). Instructed extinction differentially affects the emotional and cognitive expression of associative fear memory. Psychophysiology, 49(10), 1426-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01450.x
Sevenster D, Beckers T, Kindt M. Instructed Extinction Differentially Affects the Emotional and Cognitive Expression of Associative Fear Memory. Psychophysiology. 2012;49(10):1426-35. PubMed PMID: 22958209.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Instructed extinction differentially affects the emotional and cognitive expression of associative fear memory. AU - Sevenster,Dieuwke, AU - Beckers,Tom, AU - Kindt,Merel, Y1 - 2012/09/07/ PY - 2012/03/20/received PY - 2012/06/12/accepted PY - 2012/9/11/entrez PY - 2012/9/11/pubmed PY - 2013/2/13/medline SP - 1426 EP - 35 JF - Psychophysiology JO - Psychophysiology VL - 49 IS - 10 N2 - Instructed extinction after fear conditioning is relatively effective in attenuating electrodermal responding. Testing the single-process account of fear learning, we examined whether this manipulation similarly affects the startle response. Skin conductance responses (SCRs), startle responses, and online unconditioned stimulus (US) expectancy ratings were measured during fear acquisition (Day 1), extinction, and reinstatement (Day 2). Before extinction onset, half of the subjects were instructed that the conditioned stimulus would not be followed by the US (Instructed Extinction) whereas the other subjects were not instructed (Normal Extinction). This simple instruction completely abolished both differential SCR and US expectancy ratings, but not the startle fear response. Although the manipulation facilitated extinction learning, it did not prevent the recovery of the startle response. The present findings are better explained by a dual- rather than a single-process account of fear learning. SN - 1540-5958 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/22958209/Instructed_extinction_differentially_affects_the_emotional_and_cognitive_expression_of_associative_fear_memory_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -