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Chemical dispersant potentiates crude oil impacts on growth, reproduction, and gene expression in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Arch Toxicol. 2013 Feb; 87(2):371-82.AT

Abstract

The economic, environmental, and human health impacts of the deepwater horizon (DWH) oil spill have been of significant concern in the general public and among scientists. This study employs parallel experiments to test the effects of crude oil from the DWH oil well, chemical dispersant Corexit 9500A, and dispersant-oil mixture on growth and reproduction in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Both the crude oil and the dispersant significantly inhibited the reproduction of C. elegans. Dose-dependent inhibitions of hatched larvae production were observed in worms exposed to both crude oil and dispersant. Importantly, the chemical dispersant Corexit 9500A potentiated crude oil effects; dispersant-oil mixture induced more significant effects than oil or dispersant-alone exposures. While oil-alone exposure and dispersant-alone exposure have none to moderate inhibitory effects on hatched larvae production, respectively, the mixture of dispersant and oil induced much more significant inhibition of offspring production. The production of hatched larvae was almost completely inhibited by several high concentrations of the dispersant-oil mixture. This suggests a sensitive bioassay for future investigation of oil/dispersant impacts on organisms. We also investigated the effects of crude oil/dispersant exposure at the molecular level by measuring the expressions of 31 functional genes. Results showed that the dispersant and the dispersant-oil mixture induced aberrant expressions of 12 protein-coding genes (cat-4, trxr-2, sdhb-1, lev-8, lin-39, unc-115, prdx-3, sod-1, acr-16, ric-3, unc-68, and acr-8). These 12 genes are associated with a variety of biological processes, including egg-laying, oxidative stress, muscle contraction, and neurological functions. In summary, the toxicity potentiating effect of chemical dispersant must be taken into consideration in future crude oil cleanup applications.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Zhang Y
Department of Biology, East Carolina University, N108 Howell Science Complex, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
Chen D
No affiliation info available
Ennis AC
No affiliation info available
Polli JR
No affiliation info available
Xiao P
No affiliation info available
Zhang B
No affiliation info available
Stellwag EJ
No affiliation info available
Overton A
No affiliation info available
Pan X
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsCaenorhabditis elegansDrug SynergismGene Expression RegulationGrowthLarvaLipidsPetroleumReproductionSurface-Active AgentsToxicity TestsWater Pollutants, Chemical

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

22990136

Citation

Zhang, Yanqiong, et al. "Chemical Dispersant Potentiates Crude Oil Impacts On Growth, Reproduction, and Gene Expression in Caenorhabditis Elegans." Archives of Toxicology, vol. 87, no. 2, 2013, pp. 371-82.
Zhang Y, Chen D, Ennis AC, et al. Chemical dispersant potentiates crude oil impacts on growth, reproduction, and gene expression in Caenorhabditis elegans. Arch Toxicol. 2013;87(2):371-82.
Zhang, Y., Chen, D., Ennis, A. C., Polli, J. R., Xiao, P., Zhang, B., Stellwag, E. J., Overton, A., & Pan, X. (2013). Chemical dispersant potentiates crude oil impacts on growth, reproduction, and gene expression in Caenorhabditis elegans. Archives of Toxicology, 87(2), 371-82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-012-0936-x
Zhang Y, et al. Chemical Dispersant Potentiates Crude Oil Impacts On Growth, Reproduction, and Gene Expression in Caenorhabditis Elegans. Arch Toxicol. 2013;87(2):371-82. PubMed PMID: 22990136.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical dispersant potentiates crude oil impacts on growth, reproduction, and gene expression in Caenorhabditis elegans. AU - Zhang,Yanqiong, AU - Chen,Dongliang, AU - Ennis,Adrien C, AU - Polli,Joseph R, AU - Xiao,Peng, AU - Zhang,Baohong, AU - Stellwag,Edmund J, AU - Overton,Anthony, AU - Pan,Xiaoping, Y1 - 2012/09/19/ PY - 2012/05/08/received PY - 2012/08/28/accepted PY - 2012/9/20/entrez PY - 2012/9/20/pubmed PY - 2013/7/3/medline SP - 371 EP - 82 JF - Archives of toxicology JO - Arch Toxicol VL - 87 IS - 2 N2 - The economic, environmental, and human health impacts of the deepwater horizon (DWH) oil spill have been of significant concern in the general public and among scientists. This study employs parallel experiments to test the effects of crude oil from the DWH oil well, chemical dispersant Corexit 9500A, and dispersant-oil mixture on growth and reproduction in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Both the crude oil and the dispersant significantly inhibited the reproduction of C. elegans. Dose-dependent inhibitions of hatched larvae production were observed in worms exposed to both crude oil and dispersant. Importantly, the chemical dispersant Corexit 9500A potentiated crude oil effects; dispersant-oil mixture induced more significant effects than oil or dispersant-alone exposures. While oil-alone exposure and dispersant-alone exposure have none to moderate inhibitory effects on hatched larvae production, respectively, the mixture of dispersant and oil induced much more significant inhibition of offspring production. The production of hatched larvae was almost completely inhibited by several high concentrations of the dispersant-oil mixture. This suggests a sensitive bioassay for future investigation of oil/dispersant impacts on organisms. We also investigated the effects of crude oil/dispersant exposure at the molecular level by measuring the expressions of 31 functional genes. Results showed that the dispersant and the dispersant-oil mixture induced aberrant expressions of 12 protein-coding genes (cat-4, trxr-2, sdhb-1, lev-8, lin-39, unc-115, prdx-3, sod-1, acr-16, ric-3, unc-68, and acr-8). These 12 genes are associated with a variety of biological processes, including egg-laying, oxidative stress, muscle contraction, and neurological functions. In summary, the toxicity potentiating effect of chemical dispersant must be taken into consideration in future crude oil cleanup applications. SN - 1432-0738 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/22990136/Chemical_dispersant_potentiates_crude_oil_impacts_on_growth_reproduction_and_gene_expression_in_Caenorhabditis_elegans_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-012-0936-x DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -