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Design of experiment approach for the process optimisation of microwave assisted extraction of lupeol from Ficus racemosa leaves using response surface methodology.
Phytochem Anal. 2013 May-Jun; 24(3):230-47.PA

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Triterpenoids are a group of important phytocomponents from Ficus racemosa (syn. Ficus glomerata Roxb.) that are known to possess diverse pharmacological activities and which have prompted the development of various extraction techniques and strategies for its better utilisation.

OBJECTIVE

To develop an effective, rapid and ecofriendly microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) strategy to optimise the extraction of a potent bioactive triterpenoid compound, lupeol, from young leaves of Ficus racemosa using response surface methodology (RSM) for industrial scale-up.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

Initially a Plackett-Burman design matrix was applied to identify the most significant extraction variables amongst microwave power, irradiation time, particle size, solvent:sample ratio loading, varying solvent strength and pre-leaching time on lupeol extraction. Among the six variables tested, microwave power, irradiation time and solvent-sample/loading ratio were found to have a significant effect (P < 0.05) on lupeol extraction and were fitted to a Box-Behnken-design-generated quadratic polynomial equation to predict optimal extraction conditions as well as to locate operability regions with maximum yield.

RESULTS

The optimal conditions were microwave power of 65.67% of 700 W, extraction time of 4.27 min and solvent-sample ratio loading of 21.33 mL/g. Confirmation trials under the optimal conditions gave an experimental yield (18.52 µg/g of dry leaves) close to the RSM predicted value of 18.71 µg/g.

CONCLUSION

Under the optimal conditions the mathematical model was found to be well fitted with the experimental data. The MAE was found to be a more rapid, convenient and appropriate extraction method, with a higher yield and lower solvent consumption when compared with conventional extraction techniques.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Das AK
Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Research Laboratory, Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
Mandal V
No affiliation info available
Mandal SC
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AntioxidantsBiphenyl CompoundsChemical FractionationChemistry Techniques, AnalyticalEquipment DesignFicusMicrowavesPentacyclic TriterpenesPicratesPlant LeavesReproducibility of ResultsSolvents

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

23070936

Citation

Das, Anup Kumar, et al. "Design of Experiment Approach for the Process Optimisation of Microwave Assisted Extraction of Lupeol From Ficus Racemosa Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology." Phytochemical Analysis : PCA, vol. 24, no. 3, 2013, pp. 230-47.
Das AK, Mandal V, Mandal SC. Design of experiment approach for the process optimisation of microwave assisted extraction of lupeol from Ficus racemosa leaves using response surface methodology. Phytochem Anal. 2013;24(3):230-47.
Das, A. K., Mandal, V., & Mandal, S. C. (2013). Design of experiment approach for the process optimisation of microwave assisted extraction of lupeol from Ficus racemosa leaves using response surface methodology. Phytochemical Analysis : PCA, 24(3), 230-47. https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.2403
Das AK, Mandal V, Mandal SC. Design of Experiment Approach for the Process Optimisation of Microwave Assisted Extraction of Lupeol From Ficus Racemosa Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology. Phytochem Anal. 2013 May-Jun;24(3):230-47. PubMed PMID: 23070936.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Design of experiment approach for the process optimisation of microwave assisted extraction of lupeol from Ficus racemosa leaves using response surface methodology. AU - Das,Anup Kumar, AU - Mandal,Vivekananda, AU - Mandal,Subhash C, Y1 - 2012/10/15/ PY - 2012/06/28/received PY - 2012/08/23/revised PY - 2012/08/23/accepted PY - 2012/10/17/entrez PY - 2012/10/17/pubmed PY - 2014/1/9/medline SP - 230 EP - 47 JF - Phytochemical analysis : PCA JO - Phytochem Anal VL - 24 IS - 3 N2 - INTRODUCTION: Triterpenoids are a group of important phytocomponents from Ficus racemosa (syn. Ficus glomerata Roxb.) that are known to possess diverse pharmacological activities and which have prompted the development of various extraction techniques and strategies for its better utilisation. OBJECTIVE: To develop an effective, rapid and ecofriendly microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) strategy to optimise the extraction of a potent bioactive triterpenoid compound, lupeol, from young leaves of Ficus racemosa using response surface methodology (RSM) for industrial scale-up. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Initially a Plackett-Burman design matrix was applied to identify the most significant extraction variables amongst microwave power, irradiation time, particle size, solvent:sample ratio loading, varying solvent strength and pre-leaching time on lupeol extraction. Among the six variables tested, microwave power, irradiation time and solvent-sample/loading ratio were found to have a significant effect (P < 0.05) on lupeol extraction and were fitted to a Box-Behnken-design-generated quadratic polynomial equation to predict optimal extraction conditions as well as to locate operability regions with maximum yield. RESULTS: The optimal conditions were microwave power of 65.67% of 700 W, extraction time of 4.27 min and solvent-sample ratio loading of 21.33 mL/g. Confirmation trials under the optimal conditions gave an experimental yield (18.52 µg/g of dry leaves) close to the RSM predicted value of 18.71 µg/g. CONCLUSION: Under the optimal conditions the mathematical model was found to be well fitted with the experimental data. The MAE was found to be a more rapid, convenient and appropriate extraction method, with a higher yield and lower solvent consumption when compared with conventional extraction techniques. SN - 1099-1565 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/23070936/Design_of_experiment_approach_for_the_process_optimisation_of_microwave_assisted_extraction_of_lupeol_from_Ficus_racemosa_leaves_using_response_surface_methodology_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.2403 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -