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Effect of pregnancy on the levels of blood cadmium, lead, and mercury for females aged 17-39 years old: data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2013; 76(1):58-69.JT

Abstract

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination survey for the years 2003-2010 were used (n = 4700) to evaluate the effect of age, parity, body mass index (BMI), race/ethnicity, pregnancy, iron (Fe) storage status, smoking status, and fish/shellfish consumption on the levels of blood cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and total mercury (Hg)for females aged 17-39 years old. Regression analysis was used to fit models for each of the three metals. For all three metals, age was positively and BMI was negatively associated with levels of these metals in blood. Smokers had statistically significantly higher levels of Cd and Pb irrespective of race/ethnicity and Fe storage status as compared to nonsmokers. Novel to this study, pregnancy was found to be associated with significantly lower levels of Cd, Pb, and Hg irrespective of race/ethnicity and Fe storage status as compared to nonpregnant females. It is conceivable that pregnancy may thus accelerate clearance of these metals from blood. Fish/shellfish consumption was associated with higher levels of Hg but not with Cd levels.

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Publisher Full Text

Authors+Show Affiliations

Jain RB
rbjvjnjajorj@yahoo.com

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAgingAnimalsBody Mass IndexCadmiumEnvironmental PollutantsFemaleFishesFood AnalysisHumansLeadMercuryNutrition SurveysParityPregnancyRetrospective StudiesShellfishYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

23151210

Citation

Jain, Ram B.. "Effect of Pregnancy On the Levels of Blood Cadmium, Lead, and Mercury for Females Aged 17-39 Years Old: Data From National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010." Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A, vol. 76, no. 1, 2013, pp. 58-69.
Jain RB. Effect of pregnancy on the levels of blood cadmium, lead, and mercury for females aged 17-39 years old: data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2013;76(1):58-69.
Jain, R. B. (2013). Effect of pregnancy on the levels of blood cadmium, lead, and mercury for females aged 17-39 years old: data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A, 76(1), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2012.722524
Jain RB. Effect of Pregnancy On the Levels of Blood Cadmium, Lead, and Mercury for Females Aged 17-39 Years Old: Data From National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2013;76(1):58-69. PubMed PMID: 23151210.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of pregnancy on the levels of blood cadmium, lead, and mercury for females aged 17-39 years old: data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010. A1 - Jain,Ram B, PY - 2012/11/16/entrez PY - 2012/11/16/pubmed PY - 2013/1/18/medline SP - 58 EP - 69 JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A JO - J Toxicol Environ Health A VL - 76 IS - 1 N2 - Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination survey for the years 2003-2010 were used (n = 4700) to evaluate the effect of age, parity, body mass index (BMI), race/ethnicity, pregnancy, iron (Fe) storage status, smoking status, and fish/shellfish consumption on the levels of blood cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and total mercury (Hg)for females aged 17-39 years old. Regression analysis was used to fit models for each of the three metals. For all three metals, age was positively and BMI was negatively associated with levels of these metals in blood. Smokers had statistically significantly higher levels of Cd and Pb irrespective of race/ethnicity and Fe storage status as compared to nonsmokers. Novel to this study, pregnancy was found to be associated with significantly lower levels of Cd, Pb, and Hg irrespective of race/ethnicity and Fe storage status as compared to nonpregnant females. It is conceivable that pregnancy may thus accelerate clearance of these metals from blood. Fish/shellfish consumption was associated with higher levels of Hg but not with Cd levels. SN - 1528-7394 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/23151210/Effect_of_pregnancy_on_the_levels_of_blood_cadmium_lead_and_mercury_for_females_aged_17_39_years_old:_data_from_National_Health_and_Nutrition_Examination_Survey_2003_2010_ L2 - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15287394.2012.722524 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -