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The relationship between minimum alcohol prices, outlet densities and alcohol-attributable deaths in British Columbia, 2002-09.
Addiction. 2013 Jun; 108(6):1059-69.A

Abstract

AIM

To investigate relationships between periodic increases in minimum alcohol prices, changing densities of liquor stores and alcohol-attributable (AA) deaths in British Columbia, Canada.

DESIGN

Cross-section (16 geographic areas) versus time-series (32 annual quarters) panel analyses were conducted with AA deaths as dependent variables and price, outlet densities and socio-demographic characteristics as independent variables.

SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS

Populations of 16 Health Service Delivery Areas in British Columbia, Canada.

MEASUREMENTS

Age-sex-standardized rates of acute, chronic and wholly AA mortality; population densities of restaurants, bars, government and private liquor stores; minimum prices of alcohol in dollars per standard drink.

FINDINGS

A 10% increase in average minimum price for all alcoholic beverages was associated with a 31.72% [95% confidence interval (CI): ± 25.73%, P < 0.05] reduction in wholly AA deaths. Significantly negative lagged associations were also detected up to 12 months after minimum price increases for wholly but not for acute or chronic AA deaths. Significant reductions in chronic and total AA deaths were detected between 2 and 3 years after minimum price increases. Significant but inconsistent lagged associations were detected for acute AA deaths. A 10% increase in private liquor stores was associated with a 2.45% (95% CI: ± 2.39%, P < 0.05), 2.36% (95% CI: ± 1.57%, P < 0.05) and 1.99% (95% CI: ± 1.76%, P < 0.05) increase in acute, chronic and total AA mortality rates.

CONCLUSION

Increases in the minimum price of alcohol in British Columbia, Canada, between 2002 and 2009 were associated with immediate and delayed decreases in alcohol-attributable mortality. By contrast, increases in the density of private liquor stores were associated with increases in alcohol-attributable mortality.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Zhao J
Centre for Addictions Research of British Columbia, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
Stockwell T
No affiliation info available
Martin G
No affiliation info available
Macdonald S
No affiliation info available
Vallance K
No affiliation info available
Treno A
No affiliation info available
Ponicki WR
No affiliation info available
Tu A
No affiliation info available
Buxton J
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAgedAlcohol DrinkingAlcoholic BeveragesBritish ColumbiaCommerceCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSocioeconomic FactorsYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

23398533

Citation

Zhao, Jinhui, et al. "The Relationship Between Minimum Alcohol Prices, Outlet Densities and Alcohol-attributable Deaths in British Columbia, 2002-09." Addiction (Abingdon, England), vol. 108, no. 6, 2013, pp. 1059-69.
Zhao J, Stockwell T, Martin G, et al. The relationship between minimum alcohol prices, outlet densities and alcohol-attributable deaths in British Columbia, 2002-09. Addiction. 2013;108(6):1059-69.
Zhao, J., Stockwell, T., Martin, G., Macdonald, S., Vallance, K., Treno, A., Ponicki, W. R., Tu, A., & Buxton, J. (2013). The relationship between minimum alcohol prices, outlet densities and alcohol-attributable deaths in British Columbia, 2002-09. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 108(6), 1059-69. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12139
Zhao J, et al. The Relationship Between Minimum Alcohol Prices, Outlet Densities and Alcohol-attributable Deaths in British Columbia, 2002-09. Addiction. 2013;108(6):1059-69. PubMed PMID: 23398533.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - The relationship between minimum alcohol prices, outlet densities and alcohol-attributable deaths in British Columbia, 2002-09. AU - Zhao,Jinhui, AU - Stockwell,Tim, AU - Martin,Gina, AU - Macdonald,Scott, AU - Vallance,Kate, AU - Treno,Andrew, AU - Ponicki,William R, AU - Tu,Andrew, AU - Buxton,Jane, Y1 - 2013/03/21/ PY - 2012/09/12/received PY - 2012/10/26/revised PY - 2013/01/23/accepted PY - 2013/2/13/entrez PY - 2013/2/13/pubmed PY - 2013/12/18/medline SP - 1059 EP - 69 JF - Addiction (Abingdon, England) JO - Addiction VL - 108 IS - 6 N2 - AIM: To investigate relationships between periodic increases in minimum alcohol prices, changing densities of liquor stores and alcohol-attributable (AA) deaths in British Columbia, Canada. DESIGN: Cross-section (16 geographic areas) versus time-series (32 annual quarters) panel analyses were conducted with AA deaths as dependent variables and price, outlet densities and socio-demographic characteristics as independent variables. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Populations of 16 Health Service Delivery Areas in British Columbia, Canada. MEASUREMENTS: Age-sex-standardized rates of acute, chronic and wholly AA mortality; population densities of restaurants, bars, government and private liquor stores; minimum prices of alcohol in dollars per standard drink. FINDINGS: A 10% increase in average minimum price for all alcoholic beverages was associated with a 31.72% [95% confidence interval (CI): ± 25.73%, P < 0.05] reduction in wholly AA deaths. Significantly negative lagged associations were also detected up to 12 months after minimum price increases for wholly but not for acute or chronic AA deaths. Significant reductions in chronic and total AA deaths were detected between 2 and 3 years after minimum price increases. Significant but inconsistent lagged associations were detected for acute AA deaths. A 10% increase in private liquor stores was associated with a 2.45% (95% CI: ± 2.39%, P < 0.05), 2.36% (95% CI: ± 1.57%, P < 0.05) and 1.99% (95% CI: ± 1.76%, P < 0.05) increase in acute, chronic and total AA mortality rates. CONCLUSION: Increases in the minimum price of alcohol in British Columbia, Canada, between 2002 and 2009 were associated with immediate and delayed decreases in alcohol-attributable mortality. By contrast, increases in the density of private liquor stores were associated with increases in alcohol-attributable mortality. SN - 1360-0443 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/23398533/The_relationship_between_minimum_alcohol_prices_outlet_densities_and_alcohol_attributable_deaths_in_British_Columbia_2002_09_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12139 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -