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Comparison between standard protocol and a novel window protocol for induction of pentylenetetrazol kindled seizures in the rat.
Epilepsy Res. 2013 Sep; 106(1-2):54-63.ER

Abstract

Experimental models of epilepsy, including pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) chemical kindling, are very important in studying the pathophysiology of epilepsy. The aim of the present study was to provide behavioral, electrophysiological and molecular evidences to confirm the similarities between standard and a modified protocol named window- (win-) PTZ kindling method. Standard PTZ kindling model was induced by injection of PTZ (37.5mg/kg) every other days. In win-PTZ kindling method, animals received 4 initial PTZ injections and the time of 3 last PTZ injections were determined according to the number of PTZ injections in standard PTZ kindling model. The behavioral signs of kindled seizures were observed for 20 min after each PTZ injection. Field potential recordings were done from the dentate gyrus granular cells following perforant path stimulation. In addition, the expression of γ2 subunit of GABAA receptor, NR2A subunit of NMDA receptor, adenosine A1 receptor, α-CaMKII and GAP-43 were evaluated in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus using RT-PCR technique. All the animals in win-PTZ kindling method group achieved fully kindled state after 3 last PTZ injections. There was no significant difference in population spike amplitude and expression of the mentioned genes during kindling acquisition between standard PTZ kindling model and win-PTZ kindling method. The similarities in electrophysiological and molecular parameters remained after 8 days post fully kindled state. Obtained data showed the similarities between this win-PTZ kindling method and standard PTZ kindling model. Thus, it may be suggested that not all PTZ injections are need for induction of PTZ induced fully kindled state.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Davoudi M
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Shojaei A
No affiliation info available
Palizvan MR
No affiliation info available
Javan M
No affiliation info available
Mirnajafi-Zadeh J
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsBehavior, AnimalConvulsantsElectrodes, ImplantedElectroencephalographyExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsKindling, NeurologicMalePentylenetetrazoleRNARatsRats, WistarReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionSeizures

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

23619005

Citation

Davoudi, Mahnaz, et al. "Comparison Between Standard Protocol and a Novel Window Protocol for Induction of Pentylenetetrazol Kindled Seizures in the Rat." Epilepsy Research, vol. 106, no. 1-2, 2013, pp. 54-63.
Davoudi M, Shojaei A, Palizvan MR, et al. Comparison between standard protocol and a novel window protocol for induction of pentylenetetrazol kindled seizures in the rat. Epilepsy Res. 2013;106(1-2):54-63.
Davoudi, M., Shojaei, A., Palizvan, M. R., Javan, M., & Mirnajafi-Zadeh, J. (2013). Comparison between standard protocol and a novel window protocol for induction of pentylenetetrazol kindled seizures in the rat. Epilepsy Research, 106(1-2), 54-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.03.016
Davoudi M, et al. Comparison Between Standard Protocol and a Novel Window Protocol for Induction of Pentylenetetrazol Kindled Seizures in the Rat. Epilepsy Res. 2013;106(1-2):54-63. PubMed PMID: 23619005.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison between standard protocol and a novel window protocol for induction of pentylenetetrazol kindled seizures in the rat. AU - Davoudi,Mahnaz, AU - Shojaei,Amir, AU - Palizvan,Mohammad Reza, AU - Javan,Mohammad, AU - Mirnajafi-Zadeh,Javad, Y1 - 2013/04/22/ PY - 2013/01/10/received PY - 2013/03/10/revised PY - 2013/03/26/accepted PY - 2013/4/27/entrez PY - 2013/4/27/pubmed PY - 2014/3/22/medline KW - Animal models KW - Chemical kindling KW - Epilepsy KW - Pentylenetetrazol SP - 54 EP - 63 JF - Epilepsy research JO - Epilepsy Res VL - 106 IS - 1-2 N2 - Experimental models of epilepsy, including pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) chemical kindling, are very important in studying the pathophysiology of epilepsy. The aim of the present study was to provide behavioral, electrophysiological and molecular evidences to confirm the similarities between standard and a modified protocol named window- (win-) PTZ kindling method. Standard PTZ kindling model was induced by injection of PTZ (37.5mg/kg) every other days. In win-PTZ kindling method, animals received 4 initial PTZ injections and the time of 3 last PTZ injections were determined according to the number of PTZ injections in standard PTZ kindling model. The behavioral signs of kindled seizures were observed for 20 min after each PTZ injection. Field potential recordings were done from the dentate gyrus granular cells following perforant path stimulation. In addition, the expression of γ2 subunit of GABAA receptor, NR2A subunit of NMDA receptor, adenosine A1 receptor, α-CaMKII and GAP-43 were evaluated in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus using RT-PCR technique. All the animals in win-PTZ kindling method group achieved fully kindled state after 3 last PTZ injections. There was no significant difference in population spike amplitude and expression of the mentioned genes during kindling acquisition between standard PTZ kindling model and win-PTZ kindling method. The similarities in electrophysiological and molecular parameters remained after 8 days post fully kindled state. Obtained data showed the similarities between this win-PTZ kindling method and standard PTZ kindling model. Thus, it may be suggested that not all PTZ injections are need for induction of PTZ induced fully kindled state. SN - 1872-6844 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/23619005/Comparison_between_standard_protocol_and_a_novel_window_protocol_for_induction_of_pentylenetetrazol_kindled_seizures_in_the_rat_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0920-1211(13)00101-0 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -