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Soil properties affect the toxicities of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) to the enchytraeid worm Enchytraeus crypticus.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2013 Nov; 32(11):2648-59.ET

Abstract

The authors investigated individual toxicities of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) to the potworm Enchytraeus crypticus using the enchytraeid reproduction test. Studies were designed to generate ecotoxicological benchmarks that can be used for developing ecological soil-screening levels for ecological risk assessments of contaminated soils and to identify and characterize the predominant soil physicochemical parameters that can affect the toxicities of TNT and RDX to E. crypticus. Soils, which had a wide range of physicochemical parameters, included Teller sandy loam, Sassafras sandy loam, Richfield clay loam, Kirkland clay loam, and Webster clay loam. Analyses of quantitative relationships between the toxicological benchmarks for TNT and soil property measurements identified soil organic matter content as the dominant property mitigating TNT toxicity for juvenile production by E. crypticus in freshly amended soil. Both the clay and organic matter contents of the soil modulated reproduction toxicity of TNT that was weathered and aged in soil for 3 mo. Toxicity of RDX for E. crypticus was greater in the coarse-textured sandy loam soils compared with the fine-textured clay loam soils. The present studies revealed alterations in toxicity to E. crypticus after weathering and aging TNT in soil, and these alterations were soil- and endpoint-specific.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Kuperman RG
US Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, USA.
Checkai RT
No affiliation info available
Simini M
No affiliation info available
Phillips CT
No affiliation info available
Kolakowski JE
No affiliation info available
Lanno R
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsOligochaetaReproductionSoilSoil PollutantsTime FactorsTriazinesTrinitrotoluene

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

23955807

Citation

Kuperman, Roman G., et al. "Soil Properties Affect the Toxicities of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) to the Enchytraeid Worm Enchytraeus Crypticus." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, vol. 32, no. 11, 2013, pp. 2648-59.
Kuperman RG, Checkai RT, Simini M, et al. Soil properties affect the toxicities of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) to the enchytraeid worm Enchytraeus crypticus. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2013;32(11):2648-59.
Kuperman, R. G., Checkai, R. T., Simini, M., Phillips, C. T., Kolakowski, J. E., & Lanno, R. (2013). Soil properties affect the toxicities of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) to the enchytraeid worm Enchytraeus crypticus. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 32(11), 2648-59. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2356
Kuperman RG, et al. Soil Properties Affect the Toxicities of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) to the Enchytraeid Worm Enchytraeus Crypticus. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2013;32(11):2648-59. PubMed PMID: 23955807.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Soil properties affect the toxicities of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) to the enchytraeid worm Enchytraeus crypticus. AU - Kuperman,Roman G, AU - Checkai,Ronald T, AU - Simini,Michael, AU - Phillips,Carlton T, AU - Kolakowski,Jan E, AU - Lanno,Roman, Y1 - 2013/09/23/ PY - 2013/02/06/received PY - 2013/04/02/revised PY - 2013/08/12/accepted PY - 2013/8/20/entrez PY - 2013/8/21/pubmed PY - 2014/1/1/medline KW - 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) KW - Explosives toxicity KW - Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) KW - Potworm Enchytraeus crypticus KW - Soil SP - 2648 EP - 59 JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry JO - Environ Toxicol Chem VL - 32 IS - 11 N2 - The authors investigated individual toxicities of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) to the potworm Enchytraeus crypticus using the enchytraeid reproduction test. Studies were designed to generate ecotoxicological benchmarks that can be used for developing ecological soil-screening levels for ecological risk assessments of contaminated soils and to identify and characterize the predominant soil physicochemical parameters that can affect the toxicities of TNT and RDX to E. crypticus. Soils, which had a wide range of physicochemical parameters, included Teller sandy loam, Sassafras sandy loam, Richfield clay loam, Kirkland clay loam, and Webster clay loam. Analyses of quantitative relationships between the toxicological benchmarks for TNT and soil property measurements identified soil organic matter content as the dominant property mitigating TNT toxicity for juvenile production by E. crypticus in freshly amended soil. Both the clay and organic matter contents of the soil modulated reproduction toxicity of TNT that was weathered and aged in soil for 3 mo. Toxicity of RDX for E. crypticus was greater in the coarse-textured sandy loam soils compared with the fine-textured clay loam soils. The present studies revealed alterations in toxicity to E. crypticus after weathering and aging TNT in soil, and these alterations were soil- and endpoint-specific. SN - 1552-8618 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/23955807/Soil_properties_affect_the_toxicities_of_246_trinitrotoluene__TNT__and_hexahydro_135_trinitro_135_triazine__RDX__to_the_enchytraeid_worm_Enchytraeus_crypticus_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2356 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -