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Antioxidant potential, cytotoxic activity and total phenolic content of Alpinia pahangensis rhizomes.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013 Oct 01; 13:243.BC

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Alpinia pahangensis, a wild ginger distributed in the lowlands of Pahang, Malaysia, is used by the locals to treat flatulence. In this study, the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the crude aqueous methanol and fractionated extracts of Alpinia pahangensis against five different cancer and one normal cell lines were investigated. The total phenolic content of each extract and its fractions were also quantified. This is the first report on the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Alpinia pahangensis extract.

METHODS

In the current study, the crude methanol and fractionated extract of the rhizomes of Alpinia pahangensis were investigated for their antioxidant activity using four different assays namely, the DPPH scavenging activity, superoxide anion scavenging, β-carotene bleaching and reducing power assays whilst their phenolic contents were measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu's method.In vitro neutral red cytotoxicity assay was employed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity against five different cancer cell lines, colon cancer (HCT 116 and HT-29), cervical cancer (Ca Ski), breast cancer (MCF7) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines, and one normal cell line (MRC-5). The extract that showed high cytotoxic activity was further investigated for its chemical constituents by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis.

RESULTS

The ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest DPPH radical scavenging (0.35 ± 0.094 mg/ml) and SOD activities (51.77 ± 4.9%) whilst the methanol extract showed the highest reducing power and also the strongest antioxidant activity in the β-carotene bleaching assays in comparison to other fractions. The highest phenolic content was found in the ethyl acetate fraction, followed by the crude methanol extract, hexane and water fractions. The results showed a positive correlation between total phenolic content with DPPH radical scavenging capacities and SOD activities. The hexane fraction showed potent cytotoxic effect against KB, Ca Ski and HCT 116 cell lines with IC₅₀ of 5.8 ± 0.1 and 9.1 ± 2.0 ug/ml, respectively. The major components of hexane fraction analysed by GC-MS analysis were mostly methyl esters.

CONCLUSIONS

The current study suggests that the methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of A. pahangensis is a potential source of natural antioxidant for protective as well as prevention of life-threatening diseases. The hexane fraction of A. pahangensis may have the potential to be developed into therapeutic option for treating cancer.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Phang CW
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia. srimalek@um.edu.my.
Malek SN
No affiliation info available
Ibrahim H
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AlpiniaAnalysis of VarianceAntioxidantsBiphenyl CompoundsCell Line, TumorCell SurvivalGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryHCT116 CellsHT29 CellsHumansMCF-7 CellsNeoplasmsNeutral RedOxidation-ReductionPhenolsPicratesPlant ExtractsRhizomeSuperoxidesbeta Carotene

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

24083445

Citation

Phang, Chung-Weng, et al. "Antioxidant Potential, Cytotoxic Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Alpinia Pahangensis Rhizomes." BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 13, 2013, p. 243.
Phang CW, Malek SN, Ibrahim H. Antioxidant potential, cytotoxic activity and total phenolic content of Alpinia pahangensis rhizomes. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013;13:243.
Phang, C. W., Malek, S. N., & Ibrahim, H. (2013). Antioxidant potential, cytotoxic activity and total phenolic content of Alpinia pahangensis rhizomes. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 13, 243. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-13-243
Phang CW, Malek SN, Ibrahim H. Antioxidant Potential, Cytotoxic Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Alpinia Pahangensis Rhizomes. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013 Oct 1;13:243. PubMed PMID: 24083445.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Antioxidant potential, cytotoxic activity and total phenolic content of Alpinia pahangensis rhizomes. AU - Phang,Chung-Weng, AU - Malek,Sri Nurestri Abd, AU - Ibrahim,Halijah, Y1 - 2013/10/01/ PY - 2013/05/10/received PY - 2013/09/23/accepted PY - 2013/10/3/entrez PY - 2013/10/3/pubmed PY - 2014/8/8/medline SP - 243 EP - 243 JF - BMC complementary and alternative medicine JO - BMC Complement Altern Med VL - 13 N2 - BACKGROUND: Alpinia pahangensis, a wild ginger distributed in the lowlands of Pahang, Malaysia, is used by the locals to treat flatulence. In this study, the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the crude aqueous methanol and fractionated extracts of Alpinia pahangensis against five different cancer and one normal cell lines were investigated. The total phenolic content of each extract and its fractions were also quantified. This is the first report on the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Alpinia pahangensis extract. METHODS: In the current study, the crude methanol and fractionated extract of the rhizomes of Alpinia pahangensis were investigated for their antioxidant activity using four different assays namely, the DPPH scavenging activity, superoxide anion scavenging, β-carotene bleaching and reducing power assays whilst their phenolic contents were measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu's method.In vitro neutral red cytotoxicity assay was employed to evaluate the cytotoxic activity against five different cancer cell lines, colon cancer (HCT 116 and HT-29), cervical cancer (Ca Ski), breast cancer (MCF7) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines, and one normal cell line (MRC-5). The extract that showed high cytotoxic activity was further investigated for its chemical constituents by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis. RESULTS: The ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest DPPH radical scavenging (0.35 ± 0.094 mg/ml) and SOD activities (51.77 ± 4.9%) whilst the methanol extract showed the highest reducing power and also the strongest antioxidant activity in the β-carotene bleaching assays in comparison to other fractions. The highest phenolic content was found in the ethyl acetate fraction, followed by the crude methanol extract, hexane and water fractions. The results showed a positive correlation between total phenolic content with DPPH radical scavenging capacities and SOD activities. The hexane fraction showed potent cytotoxic effect against KB, Ca Ski and HCT 116 cell lines with IC₅₀ of 5.8 ± 0.1 and 9.1 ± 2.0 ug/ml, respectively. The major components of hexane fraction analysed by GC-MS analysis were mostly methyl esters. CONCLUSIONS: The current study suggests that the methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of A. pahangensis is a potential source of natural antioxidant for protective as well as prevention of life-threatening diseases. The hexane fraction of A. pahangensis may have the potential to be developed into therapeutic option for treating cancer. SN - 1472-6882 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/24083445/Antioxidant_potential_cytotoxic_activity_and_total_phenolic_content_of_Alpinia_pahangensis_rhizomes_ L2 - https://bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6882-13-243 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -