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Myocardial injury in dogs with snake envenomation and its relation to systemic inflammation.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2014 Mar-Apr; 24(2):174-81.JV

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the presence of myocardial injury in dogs hospitalized for snake envenomation and to examine its relationship with systemic inflammation.

DESIGN

Prospective case-control study.

SETTING

University teaching hospital and small animal referral hospital.

ANIMALS

Dogs naturally envenomed by the European viper (Vipera berus; n = 24), African puff adder (Bitis arietans; n = 5), or snouted cobra (Naja annulifera; n = 9).

INTERVENTIONS

Blood was collected from dogs envenomed by V. berus at admission, 12-24 hours postadmission, and 5-10 days postadmission. Blood was collected from dogs envenomed by B. arietans or N. annulifera at admission, and 12, 24, and 36 hours postadmission.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS

Concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), a marker of myocardial injury, and C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation, were measured in each blood sample. Evidence of myocardial injury was found in 58% of dogs envenomed by V. berus at one or more time points. A significant correlation between cTnI and CRP concentrations was found at all time points. Evidence of myocardial injury was found in 80% of dogs envenomed by B. arietans at one or more time points; however, no correlation was found between cTnI and CRP concentrations. Evidence of myocardial injury was found in 67% of dogs envenomed by N. annulifera at one or more time points. A significant correlation between cTnI and CRP concentrations was found at admission, but not at other time points.

CONCLUSIONS

Myocardial injury frequently occurred in dogs with snake envenomation. While the degree of systemic inflammation was significantly correlated with degree of myocardial injury in V. berus envenomation at all time points, this was not the case in dogs envenomed by N. annulifera or B. arietans. This could be due to differences in the toxic substances of the snake venoms or to differences in the cytokines induced by the venom toxins.

Links

Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Langhorn R
Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Persson F
No affiliation info available
Ablad B
No affiliation info available
Goddard A
No affiliation info available
Schoeman JP
No affiliation info available
Willesen JL
No affiliation info available
Tarnow I
No affiliation info available
Kjelgaard-Hansen M
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsDog DiseasesDogsElapidaeFemaleHeart DiseasesInflammationMaleSnake BitesViperidae

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

24304906

Citation

Langhorn, Rebecca, et al. "Myocardial Injury in Dogs With Snake Envenomation and Its Relation to Systemic Inflammation." Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001), vol. 24, no. 2, 2014, pp. 174-81.
Langhorn R, Persson F, Ablad B, et al. Myocardial injury in dogs with snake envenomation and its relation to systemic inflammation. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2014;24(2):174-81.
Langhorn, R., Persson, F., Ablad, B., Goddard, A., Schoeman, J. P., Willesen, J. L., Tarnow, I., & Kjelgaard-Hansen, M. (2014). Myocardial injury in dogs with snake envenomation and its relation to systemic inflammation. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001), 24(2), 174-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.12127
Langhorn R, et al. Myocardial Injury in Dogs With Snake Envenomation and Its Relation to Systemic Inflammation. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2014 Mar-Apr;24(2):174-81. PubMed PMID: 24304906.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Myocardial injury in dogs with snake envenomation and its relation to systemic inflammation. AU - Langhorn,Rebecca, AU - Persson,Frida, AU - Ablad,Björn, AU - Goddard,Amelia, AU - Schoeman,Johan P, AU - Willesen,Jakob L, AU - Tarnow,Inge, AU - Kjelgaard-Hansen,Mads, Y1 - 2013/12/04/ PY - 2013/01/07/received PY - 2013/10/29/accepted PY - 2013/12/6/entrez PY - 2013/12/7/pubmed PY - 2014/12/17/medline KW - biomarker KW - cardiac troponin I KW - companion animals KW - toxins SP - 174 EP - 81 JF - Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001) JO - J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) VL - 24 IS - 2 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of myocardial injury in dogs hospitalized for snake envenomation and to examine its relationship with systemic inflammation. DESIGN: Prospective case-control study. SETTING: University teaching hospital and small animal referral hospital. ANIMALS: Dogs naturally envenomed by the European viper (Vipera berus; n = 24), African puff adder (Bitis arietans; n = 5), or snouted cobra (Naja annulifera; n = 9). INTERVENTIONS: Blood was collected from dogs envenomed by V. berus at admission, 12-24 hours postadmission, and 5-10 days postadmission. Blood was collected from dogs envenomed by B. arietans or N. annulifera at admission, and 12, 24, and 36 hours postadmission. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), a marker of myocardial injury, and C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation, were measured in each blood sample. Evidence of myocardial injury was found in 58% of dogs envenomed by V. berus at one or more time points. A significant correlation between cTnI and CRP concentrations was found at all time points. Evidence of myocardial injury was found in 80% of dogs envenomed by B. arietans at one or more time points; however, no correlation was found between cTnI and CRP concentrations. Evidence of myocardial injury was found in 67% of dogs envenomed by N. annulifera at one or more time points. A significant correlation between cTnI and CRP concentrations was found at admission, but not at other time points. CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial injury frequently occurred in dogs with snake envenomation. While the degree of systemic inflammation was significantly correlated with degree of myocardial injury in V. berus envenomation at all time points, this was not the case in dogs envenomed by N. annulifera or B. arietans. This could be due to differences in the toxic substances of the snake venoms or to differences in the cytokines induced by the venom toxins. SN - 1476-4431 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/24304906/Myocardial_injury_in_dogs_with_snake_envenomation_and_its_relation_to_systemic_inflammation_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -