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Cellular imaging of cadmium in resin sections of arbuscular mycorrhizas using synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence.
Microbes Environ. 2014; 29(1):60-6.ME

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi function as extended roots and take an active part in plant acquisition of nutrients and also soil pollutants, such as heavy metals. The objective of this study was to establish a method to observe the localization of cadmium (Cd) Kα at subcellular levels using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) imaging with a synchrotron irradiation microbeam in resin-embedded sections of mycorrhizas. To evaluate the methodology, distributions of Cd in high-pressure-frozen Lotus japonicus-Rhizophagus irregularis mycorrhizal roots were compared between two treatments; Cd was exposed either to the roots or to the extraradical hyphae. Results showed that, in the latter treatment, Cd was restricted to fungal structures, whereas in the former, Cd was detected in cell walls of the two organisms. Plunge-frozen extraradical mycelium of Gigaspora margarita exposed to Cd showed high signals of Cd in the cell walls and vacuoles, and low in the cytoplasm. With selective staining and elemental mapping by electron-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), a positive correlation between distributions of Cd and P was revealed in the vacuole, which suggested polyP as a counter ion of Cd. These results indicated that there was no Cd relocation in rapidly frozen resin-embedded materials, therefore supporting the usefulness of this methodology.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Nayuki K
Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University.
Chen B
No affiliation info available
Ohtomo R
No affiliation info available
Kuga Y
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AlliumBiological TransportCadmiumGlomeromycotaLotusMycorrhizaeSpectrometry, X-Ray EmissionSynchrotrons

Pub Type(s)

Evaluation Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

24499974

Citation

Nayuki, Keiichiro, et al. "Cellular Imaging of Cadmium in Resin Sections of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas Using Synchrotron Micro X-ray Fluorescence." Microbes and Environments, vol. 29, no. 1, 2014, pp. 60-6.
Nayuki K, Chen B, Ohtomo R, et al. Cellular imaging of cadmium in resin sections of arbuscular mycorrhizas using synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence. Microbes Environ. 2014;29(1):60-6.
Nayuki, K., Chen, B., Ohtomo, R., & Kuga, Y. (2014). Cellular imaging of cadmium in resin sections of arbuscular mycorrhizas using synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence. Microbes and Environments, 29(1), 60-6.
Nayuki K, et al. Cellular Imaging of Cadmium in Resin Sections of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas Using Synchrotron Micro X-ray Fluorescence. Microbes Environ. 2014;29(1):60-6. PubMed PMID: 24499974.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular imaging of cadmium in resin sections of arbuscular mycorrhizas using synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence. AU - Nayuki,Keiichiro, AU - Chen,Baodong, AU - Ohtomo,Ryo, AU - Kuga,Yukari, Y1 - 2014/02/06/ PY - 2014/2/7/entrez PY - 2014/2/7/pubmed PY - 2014/11/18/medline SP - 60 EP - 6 JF - Microbes and environments JO - Microbes Environ VL - 29 IS - 1 N2 - Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi function as extended roots and take an active part in plant acquisition of nutrients and also soil pollutants, such as heavy metals. The objective of this study was to establish a method to observe the localization of cadmium (Cd) Kα at subcellular levels using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) imaging with a synchrotron irradiation microbeam in resin-embedded sections of mycorrhizas. To evaluate the methodology, distributions of Cd in high-pressure-frozen Lotus japonicus-Rhizophagus irregularis mycorrhizal roots were compared between two treatments; Cd was exposed either to the roots or to the extraradical hyphae. Results showed that, in the latter treatment, Cd was restricted to fungal structures, whereas in the former, Cd was detected in cell walls of the two organisms. Plunge-frozen extraradical mycelium of Gigaspora margarita exposed to Cd showed high signals of Cd in the cell walls and vacuoles, and low in the cytoplasm. With selective staining and elemental mapping by electron-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), a positive correlation between distributions of Cd and P was revealed in the vacuole, which suggested polyP as a counter ion of Cd. These results indicated that there was no Cd relocation in rapidly frozen resin-embedded materials, therefore supporting the usefulness of this methodology. SN - 1347-4405 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/24499974/Cellular_imaging_of_cadmium_in_resin_sections_of_arbuscular_mycorrhizas_using_synchrotron_micro_X_ray_fluorescence_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -