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Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
Int J Cancer. 2014 Oct 15; 135(8):1884-97.IJ

Abstract

The aim of this research study was to meta-analyze the effects of adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) on overall cancer risk, and different cancer types. Literature search was performed using the electronic databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS and EMBASE until January 10, 2014. Inclusion criteria were cohort or case-control studies. Study specific risk ratios (RRs) were pooled using a random effect model by the Cochrane software package Review Manager 5.2. Twenty-one cohort studies including 1,368,736 subjects and 12 case-control studies with 62,725 subjects met the objectives and were enclosed for meta-analyses. The highest adherence to MD category resulted in a significantly risk reduction for overall cancer mortality/incidence (cohort; RR: 0.90, 95% CI 0.86-0.95, p < 0.0001; I(2) = 55%), colorectal (cohort/case-control; RR: 0.86, 95% CI 0.80-0.93, p < 0.0001; I(2) = 62%], prostate (cohort/case-control; RR: 0.96, 95% CI 0.92-0.99, p = 0.03; I(2) = 0%) and aerodigestive cancer (cohort/case-control; RR: 0.44, 95% CI 0.26-0.77, p = 0.003; I(2) = 83%). Nonsignificant changes could be observed for breast cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. The Egger regression tests provided limited evidence of substantial publication bias. High adherence to a MD is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of overall cancer mortality (10%), colorectal cancer (14%), prostate cancer (4%) and aerodigestive cancer (56%).

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Schwingshackl L
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Hoffmann G
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Case-Control StudiesCohort StudiesDiet, MediterraneanHumansIncidenceNeoplasmsObservational Studies as TopicOdds RatioRisk Factors

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Meta-Analysis
Review
Systematic Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

24599882

Citation

Schwingshackl, Lukas, and Georg Hoffmann. "Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies." International Journal of Cancer, vol. 135, no. 8, 2014, pp. 1884-97.
Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Cancer. 2014;135(8):1884-97.
Schwingshackl, L., & Hoffmann, G. (2014). Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. International Journal of Cancer, 135(8), 1884-97. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.28824
Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies. Int J Cancer. 2014 Oct 15;135(8):1884-97. PubMed PMID: 24599882.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. AU - Schwingshackl,Lukas, AU - Hoffmann,Georg, Y1 - 2014/03/11/ PY - 2013/10/04/received PY - 2014/02/26/accepted PY - 2014/3/7/entrez PY - 2014/3/7/pubmed PY - 2014/9/30/medline KW - Mediterranean diet KW - cancer KW - meta-analysis SP - 1884 EP - 97 JF - International journal of cancer JO - Int J Cancer VL - 135 IS - 8 N2 - The aim of this research study was to meta-analyze the effects of adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) on overall cancer risk, and different cancer types. Literature search was performed using the electronic databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS and EMBASE until January 10, 2014. Inclusion criteria were cohort or case-control studies. Study specific risk ratios (RRs) were pooled using a random effect model by the Cochrane software package Review Manager 5.2. Twenty-one cohort studies including 1,368,736 subjects and 12 case-control studies with 62,725 subjects met the objectives and were enclosed for meta-analyses. The highest adherence to MD category resulted in a significantly risk reduction for overall cancer mortality/incidence (cohort; RR: 0.90, 95% CI 0.86-0.95, p < 0.0001; I(2) = 55%), colorectal (cohort/case-control; RR: 0.86, 95% CI 0.80-0.93, p < 0.0001; I(2) = 62%], prostate (cohort/case-control; RR: 0.96, 95% CI 0.92-0.99, p = 0.03; I(2) = 0%) and aerodigestive cancer (cohort/case-control; RR: 0.44, 95% CI 0.26-0.77, p = 0.003; I(2) = 83%). Nonsignificant changes could be observed for breast cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. The Egger regression tests provided limited evidence of substantial publication bias. High adherence to a MD is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of overall cancer mortality (10%), colorectal cancer (14%), prostate cancer (4%) and aerodigestive cancer (56%). SN - 1097-0215 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/24599882/Adherence_to_Mediterranean_diet_and_risk_of_cancer:_a_systematic_review_and_meta_analysis_of_observational_studies_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -