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The global epidemiology and burden of opioid dependence: results from the global burden of disease 2010 study.
Addiction. 2014 Aug; 109(8):1320-33.A

Abstract

AIMS

To estimate the prevalence and burden of disease attributable to opioid dependence globally, regionally and at country level.

METHODS

Multiple search strategies: (i) peer-reviewed literature searches; (ii) systematic searches of online databases; (iii) internet searches; (iv) consultation and feedback from experts. Culling and data extraction followed protocols. DisMod-MR, the latest version of the generic disease modelling system, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, imputed prevalence by age, year and sex for 187 countries and 21 regions. Disability weight for opioid dependence was estimated through population surveys and multiplied by prevalence data to calculate the years of life lived with disability (YLDs). Opioid dependence premature mortality was computed as years of life lost (YLLs) and summed with YLDs to calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

RESULTS

There were 15.5 million opioid-dependent people globally in 2010 [0.22%, 95% uncertainty interval (UI) = 0.20-0.25%]. Age-standardized prevalence was higher in males (0.30%, 95% UI = 0.27-0.35%) than females (0.14%, 95% UI = 0.12-0.16%), and peaked at 25-29 years. Prevalence was higher than the global pooled prevalence in Australasia (0.46%, 95% UI = 0.41-0.53%), western Europe (0.35%, 95% UI = 0.32-0.39) and North America (0.30%, 95% UI = 0.25-0.36). Opioid dependence was estimated to account for 9.2 million DALYs globally (0.37% of global DALYs) in 2010, a 73% increase on DALYs estimated in 1990. Regions with the highest opioid dependence DALY rates were North America (292.1 per 100,000), eastern Europe (288.4 per 100,000), Australasia (278.6 per 100,000) and southern sub-Saharan Africa (263.5 per 100,000). The contribution of YLLs to opioid dependence burden was particularly high in North America, eastern Europe and southern sub-Saharan Africa.

CONCLUSION

Opioid dependence is a substantial contributor to the global disease burden; its contribution to premature mortality (relative to prevalence) varies geographically, with North America, eastern Europe and southern sub-Saharan Africa most strongly affected.

Links

Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Degenhardt L
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Charlson F
No affiliation info available
Mathers B
No affiliation info available
Hall WD
No affiliation info available
Flaxman AD
No affiliation info available
Johns N
No affiliation info available
Vos T
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAfricaAge DistributionAustralasiaCaribbean RegionCost of IllnessEuropeFemaleHumansInternationalityMaleNorth AmericaOceaniaOpioid-Related DisordersPrevalenceQuality-Adjusted Life YearsSex DistributionSouth AmericaYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

24661272

Citation

Degenhardt, Louisa, et al. "The Global Epidemiology and Burden of Opioid Dependence: Results From the Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study." Addiction (Abingdon, England), vol. 109, no. 8, 2014, pp. 1320-33.
Degenhardt L, Charlson F, Mathers B, et al. The global epidemiology and burden of opioid dependence: results from the global burden of disease 2010 study. Addiction. 2014;109(8):1320-33.
Degenhardt, L., Charlson, F., Mathers, B., Hall, W. D., Flaxman, A. D., Johns, N., & Vos, T. (2014). The global epidemiology and burden of opioid dependence: results from the global burden of disease 2010 study. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 109(8), 1320-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12551
Degenhardt L, et al. The Global Epidemiology and Burden of Opioid Dependence: Results From the Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study. Addiction. 2014;109(8):1320-33. PubMed PMID: 24661272.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - The global epidemiology and burden of opioid dependence: results from the global burden of disease 2010 study. AU - Degenhardt,Louisa, AU - Charlson,Fiona, AU - Mathers,Bradley, AU - Hall,Wayne D, AU - Flaxman,Abraham D, AU - Johns,Nicole, AU - Vos,Theo, Y1 - 2014/04/24/ PY - 2013/09/13/received PY - 2013/12/06/revised PY - 2014/03/14/accepted PY - 2014/3/26/entrez PY - 2014/3/26/pubmed PY - 2015/10/9/medline KW - Burden KW - DALYs KW - dependence KW - epidemiology KW - heroin KW - mortality KW - opioids KW - years of life lived with disability KW - years of life lost SP - 1320 EP - 33 JF - Addiction (Abingdon, England) JO - Addiction VL - 109 IS - 8 N2 - AIMS: To estimate the prevalence and burden of disease attributable to opioid dependence globally, regionally and at country level. METHODS: Multiple search strategies: (i) peer-reviewed literature searches; (ii) systematic searches of online databases; (iii) internet searches; (iv) consultation and feedback from experts. Culling and data extraction followed protocols. DisMod-MR, the latest version of the generic disease modelling system, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, imputed prevalence by age, year and sex for 187 countries and 21 regions. Disability weight for opioid dependence was estimated through population surveys and multiplied by prevalence data to calculate the years of life lived with disability (YLDs). Opioid dependence premature mortality was computed as years of life lost (YLLs) and summed with YLDs to calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). RESULTS: There were 15.5 million opioid-dependent people globally in 2010 [0.22%, 95% uncertainty interval (UI) = 0.20-0.25%]. Age-standardized prevalence was higher in males (0.30%, 95% UI = 0.27-0.35%) than females (0.14%, 95% UI = 0.12-0.16%), and peaked at 25-29 years. Prevalence was higher than the global pooled prevalence in Australasia (0.46%, 95% UI = 0.41-0.53%), western Europe (0.35%, 95% UI = 0.32-0.39) and North America (0.30%, 95% UI = 0.25-0.36). Opioid dependence was estimated to account for 9.2 million DALYs globally (0.37% of global DALYs) in 2010, a 73% increase on DALYs estimated in 1990. Regions with the highest opioid dependence DALY rates were North America (292.1 per 100,000), eastern Europe (288.4 per 100,000), Australasia (278.6 per 100,000) and southern sub-Saharan Africa (263.5 per 100,000). The contribution of YLLs to opioid dependence burden was particularly high in North America, eastern Europe and southern sub-Saharan Africa. CONCLUSION: Opioid dependence is a substantial contributor to the global disease burden; its contribution to premature mortality (relative to prevalence) varies geographically, with North America, eastern Europe and southern sub-Saharan Africa most strongly affected. SN - 1360-0443 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/24661272/The_global_epidemiology_and_burden_of_opioid_dependence:_results_from_the_global_burden_of_disease_2010_study_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -