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[Cutaneous Malassezia infections and Malassezia associated dermatoses: An update].
Hautarzt. 2015 Jun; 66(6):465-84; quiz 485-6.H

Abstract

The lipophilic yeast fungus Malassezia (M.) spp. is the only fungal genus or species which is part of the physiological human microbiome. Today, at least 14 different Malassezia species are known; most of them can only be identified using molecular biological techniques. As a facultative pathogenic microorganism, Malassezia represents the causative agent both of superficial cutaneous infections and of blood stream infections. Pityriasis versicolor is the probably most frequent infection caused by Malassezia. Less common, Malassezia folliculitis occurs. There is only an episodic report on Malassezia-induced onychomycosis. Seborrhoeic dermatitis represents a Malassezia-associated inflammatory dermatosis. In addition, Malassezia allergenes should be considered as the trigger of "Head-Neck"-type atopic dermatitis. Ketoconazole possesses the strongest in vitro activity against Malassezia, and represents the treatment of choice for topical therapy of pityriasis versicolor. Alternatives include other azole antifungals but also the allylamine terbinafine and the hydroxypyridone antifungal agent ciclopirox olamine. "Antiseborrhoeic" agents, e.g. zinc pyrithione, selenium disulfide, and salicylic acid, are also effective in pityriasis versicolor. The drug of choice for oral treatment of pityriasis versicolor is itraconazole; an effective alternative represents fluconazole. Seborrhoeic dermatitis is best treated with topical medication, including topical corticosteroids and antifungal agents like ketoconazole or sertaconazole. Calcineurin inhibitors, e.g. pimecrolimus and tacrolimus, are reliable in seborrhoeic dermatitis, however are used off-label.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Nenoff P
Labor für medizinische Mikrobiologie, Partnerschaft Prof. Dr. med. Pietro Nenoff & Dr. med. Constanze Krüger, Straβe des Friedens 8, 04579, Mölbis, Deutschland, nenoff@mykologie-experten.de.
Krüger C
No affiliation info available
Mayser P
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Antifungal AgentsDermatitis, AtopicDermatitis, SeborrheicItraconazoleKetoconazoleMalasseziaTinea Versicolor

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Review

Language

ger

PubMed ID

25968082

Citation

Nenoff, P, et al. "[Cutaneous Malassezia Infections and Malassezia Associated Dermatoses: an Update]." Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete, vol. 66, no. 6, 2015, pp. 465-84; quiz 485-6.
Nenoff P, Krüger C, Mayser P. [Cutaneous Malassezia infections and Malassezia associated dermatoses: An update]. Hautarzt. 2015;66(6):465-84; quiz 485-6.
Nenoff, P., Krüger, C., & Mayser, P. (2015). [Cutaneous Malassezia infections and Malassezia associated dermatoses: An update]. Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete, 66(6), 465-84; quiz 485-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-015-3631-z
Nenoff P, Krüger C, Mayser P. [Cutaneous Malassezia Infections and Malassezia Associated Dermatoses: an Update]. Hautarzt. 2015;66(6):465-84; quiz 485-6. PubMed PMID: 25968082.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - [Cutaneous Malassezia infections and Malassezia associated dermatoses: An update]. AU - Nenoff,P, AU - Krüger,C, AU - Mayser,P, PY - 2015/5/14/entrez PY - 2015/5/15/pubmed PY - 2016/3/22/medline SP - 465-84; quiz 485-6 JF - Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete JO - Hautarzt VL - 66 IS - 6 N2 - The lipophilic yeast fungus Malassezia (M.) spp. is the only fungal genus or species which is part of the physiological human microbiome. Today, at least 14 different Malassezia species are known; most of them can only be identified using molecular biological techniques. As a facultative pathogenic microorganism, Malassezia represents the causative agent both of superficial cutaneous infections and of blood stream infections. Pityriasis versicolor is the probably most frequent infection caused by Malassezia. Less common, Malassezia folliculitis occurs. There is only an episodic report on Malassezia-induced onychomycosis. Seborrhoeic dermatitis represents a Malassezia-associated inflammatory dermatosis. In addition, Malassezia allergenes should be considered as the trigger of "Head-Neck"-type atopic dermatitis. Ketoconazole possesses the strongest in vitro activity against Malassezia, and represents the treatment of choice for topical therapy of pityriasis versicolor. Alternatives include other azole antifungals but also the allylamine terbinafine and the hydroxypyridone antifungal agent ciclopirox olamine. "Antiseborrhoeic" agents, e.g. zinc pyrithione, selenium disulfide, and salicylic acid, are also effective in pityriasis versicolor. The drug of choice for oral treatment of pityriasis versicolor is itraconazole; an effective alternative represents fluconazole. Seborrhoeic dermatitis is best treated with topical medication, including topical corticosteroids and antifungal agents like ketoconazole or sertaconazole. Calcineurin inhibitors, e.g. pimecrolimus and tacrolimus, are reliable in seborrhoeic dermatitis, however are used off-label. SN - 1432-1173 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/25968082/[Cutaneous_Malassezia_infections_and_Malassezia_associated_dermatoses:_An_update]_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -