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Ameliorating Effects of Biochar Derived from Poultry Manure and White Clover Residues on Soil Nutrient Status and Plant growth Promotion--Greenhouse Experiments.
PLoS One. 2015; 10(6):e0131592.Plos

Abstract

Biochar application to agricultural soils is rapidly emerging as a new management strategy for its potential role in carbon sequestration, soil quality improvements, and plant growth promotion. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of biochars derived from white clover residues and poultry manure on soil quality characteristics, growth and N accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in a loam soil under greenhouse conditions. Treatments comprised of: untreated control; mineral N fertilizer (urea N, UN) at the rate of 200, and 100 mg N kg(-1), white clover residues biochar (WCRB), poultry manure biochar (PMB) at 30 Mg ha(-1), and the possible combinations of WCRB+PMB (50:50), UN+WCRB (50:50), UN+PMB (50:50), and UN+WCRB+PMB (50:25:25). The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Results indicated a significant increase in the growth and biomass production of maize and wheat supplemented with biochars alone or mixed with N fertilizer. Biochars treatments showed varying impact on plant growth depended upon the type of the biochar, and in general plant growth under PMB was significantly higher than that recorded under WCRB. The growth characteristics in the combined treatments (half biochar+half N) were either higher or equivalent to that recorded under full fertilizer N treatment (N200). The biochar treatments WCRB, PMB, and WCRB+PMB (50:50) increased maize shoot N by 18, 26 and 21%, respectively compared to the control while wheat shoot N did not show positive response. The N-uptake by maize treated with WCRB, PMB, and WCRB+PMB (50:50) was 54, 116, and 90 mg g(-1) compared to the 33 mg g(-1) in the control while the N-uptake by wheat was 41, 60, and 53 mg g(-1) compared to 24 mg g(-1) in the control. The mixed treatments (half biochar+half N) increased N-uptake by 2.3 folds in maize and 1.7 to 2.5 folds in wheat compared to the N100 showing increasing effect of biochar on N use efficiency of applied N. Post-harvest soil analysis indicated a significant increase in pH, organic matter, organic C, total N, C:N, and porosity (% pore space) by the added biochars while bulk density (BD) was significantly decreased. The organic matter content in the soil amended with biochars ranged between 19.5 and 23.2 g kg(-1) compared to 11.7 and 10.2 g kg(-1) in the control and N fertilizer treatments while the BD of biochars amended soils (WCRB, PMB, and WCRB+PMB) was 1.07, 1.17, and 1.11 g cm(-3) compared to 1.28 g cm(-1) in the control. In summary, the results of present study highlight the agronomic benefits of biochars in improving the quality of the soil, and promoting growth, yield and N accumulation of both maize and wheat with a consequent benefit to agriculture.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Abbasi MK
Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
Anwar AA
Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.

MeSH

AnimalsBiomassCharcoalFertilizersManureNitrogenPlant DevelopmentPoultrySoilTrifoliumTriticumZea mays

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

26121057

Citation

Abbasi, M Kaleem, and Ahsan Ali Anwar. "Ameliorating Effects of Biochar Derived From Poultry Manure and White Clover Residues On Soil Nutrient Status and Plant Growth Promotion--Greenhouse Experiments." PloS One, vol. 10, no. 6, 2015, pp. e0131592.
Abbasi MK, Anwar AA. Ameliorating Effects of Biochar Derived from Poultry Manure and White Clover Residues on Soil Nutrient Status and Plant growth Promotion--Greenhouse Experiments. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0131592.
Abbasi, M. K., & Anwar, A. A. (2015). Ameliorating Effects of Biochar Derived from Poultry Manure and White Clover Residues on Soil Nutrient Status and Plant growth Promotion--Greenhouse Experiments. PloS One, 10(6), e0131592. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131592
Abbasi MK, Anwar AA. Ameliorating Effects of Biochar Derived From Poultry Manure and White Clover Residues On Soil Nutrient Status and Plant Growth Promotion--Greenhouse Experiments. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0131592. PubMed PMID: 26121057.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Ameliorating Effects of Biochar Derived from Poultry Manure and White Clover Residues on Soil Nutrient Status and Plant growth Promotion--Greenhouse Experiments. AU - Abbasi,M Kaleem, AU - Anwar,Ahsan Ali, Y1 - 2015/06/29/ PY - 2015/03/20/received PY - 2015/06/02/accepted PY - 2015/6/30/entrez PY - 2015/6/30/pubmed PY - 2016/3/29/medline SP - e0131592 EP - e0131592 JF - PloS one JO - PLoS One VL - 10 IS - 6 N2 - Biochar application to agricultural soils is rapidly emerging as a new management strategy for its potential role in carbon sequestration, soil quality improvements, and plant growth promotion. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of biochars derived from white clover residues and poultry manure on soil quality characteristics, growth and N accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in a loam soil under greenhouse conditions. Treatments comprised of: untreated control; mineral N fertilizer (urea N, UN) at the rate of 200, and 100 mg N kg(-1), white clover residues biochar (WCRB), poultry manure biochar (PMB) at 30 Mg ha(-1), and the possible combinations of WCRB+PMB (50:50), UN+WCRB (50:50), UN+PMB (50:50), and UN+WCRB+PMB (50:25:25). The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Results indicated a significant increase in the growth and biomass production of maize and wheat supplemented with biochars alone or mixed with N fertilizer. Biochars treatments showed varying impact on plant growth depended upon the type of the biochar, and in general plant growth under PMB was significantly higher than that recorded under WCRB. The growth characteristics in the combined treatments (half biochar+half N) were either higher or equivalent to that recorded under full fertilizer N treatment (N200). The biochar treatments WCRB, PMB, and WCRB+PMB (50:50) increased maize shoot N by 18, 26 and 21%, respectively compared to the control while wheat shoot N did not show positive response. The N-uptake by maize treated with WCRB, PMB, and WCRB+PMB (50:50) was 54, 116, and 90 mg g(-1) compared to the 33 mg g(-1) in the control while the N-uptake by wheat was 41, 60, and 53 mg g(-1) compared to 24 mg g(-1) in the control. The mixed treatments (half biochar+half N) increased N-uptake by 2.3 folds in maize and 1.7 to 2.5 folds in wheat compared to the N100 showing increasing effect of biochar on N use efficiency of applied N. Post-harvest soil analysis indicated a significant increase in pH, organic matter, organic C, total N, C:N, and porosity (% pore space) by the added biochars while bulk density (BD) was significantly decreased. The organic matter content in the soil amended with biochars ranged between 19.5 and 23.2 g kg(-1) compared to 11.7 and 10.2 g kg(-1) in the control and N fertilizer treatments while the BD of biochars amended soils (WCRB, PMB, and WCRB+PMB) was 1.07, 1.17, and 1.11 g cm(-3) compared to 1.28 g cm(-1) in the control. In summary, the results of present study highlight the agronomic benefits of biochars in improving the quality of the soil, and promoting growth, yield and N accumulation of both maize and wheat with a consequent benefit to agriculture. SN - 1932-6203 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/26121057/Ameliorating_Effects_of_Biochar_Derived_from_Poultry_Manure_and_White_Clover_Residues_on_Soil_Nutrient_Status_and_Plant_growth_Promotion__Greenhouse_Experiments_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -