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Prediction and perception: Defensive startle modulation.
Psychophysiology. 2015 Dec; 52(12):1664-8.P

Abstract

Previous research indicates that predictive cues can dampen subsequent defensive reactions. The present study investigated whether effects of cuing are specific to aversive stimuli, using modulation of the blink startle reflex as a measure of emotional reactivity. Participants viewed pictures depicting violence, romance/erotica, or mundane content. On half of all trials, a cue (color) predicted the content of the upcoming picture; on the remaining trials, scenes were presented without a cue. Acoustic startle probes were presented during picture viewing on trials with predictive cues and trials without a cue. Replicating previous studies, blink reflexes elicited when viewing violent pictures that had not been preceded by a cue were potentiated compared to uncued mundane scenes, and reflexes were attenuated when viewing scenes of erotica/romance that had not been cued. On the other hand, reflex potentiation when viewing scenes of violence (relative to mundane scenes) was eliminated when these pictures were preceded by a predictive cue, whereas scenes of romance prompted reliable reflex attenuation regardless of whether pictures were cued or not. Taken together, the data suggest that cuing elicits an anticipatory coping process that is specific to aversive stimuli.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Sege CT
Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Bradley MM
Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Lang PJ
Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

MeSH

AdolescentBlinkingCuesEmotionsFemaleHumansMalePhotic StimulationReflexReflex, StartleYoung Adult

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Language

eng

PubMed ID

26399464

Citation

Sege, Christopher T., et al. "Prediction and Perception: Defensive Startle Modulation." Psychophysiology, vol. 52, no. 12, 2015, pp. 1664-8.
Sege CT, Bradley MM, Lang PJ. Prediction and perception: Defensive startle modulation. Psychophysiology. 2015;52(12):1664-8.
Sege, C. T., Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (2015). Prediction and perception: Defensive startle modulation. Psychophysiology, 52(12), 1664-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12546
Sege CT, Bradley MM, Lang PJ. Prediction and Perception: Defensive Startle Modulation. Psychophysiology. 2015;52(12):1664-8. PubMed PMID: 26399464.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction and perception: Defensive startle modulation. AU - Sege,Christopher T, AU - Bradley,Margaret M, AU - Lang,Peter J, Y1 - 2015/09/24/ PY - 2015/06/11/received PY - 2015/08/18/accepted PY - 2015/9/25/entrez PY - 2015/9/25/pubmed PY - 2016/12/15/medline KW - Anticipation KW - Emotion KW - Perception KW - Pictures KW - Startle SP - 1664 EP - 8 JF - Psychophysiology JO - Psychophysiology VL - 52 IS - 12 N2 - Previous research indicates that predictive cues can dampen subsequent defensive reactions. The present study investigated whether effects of cuing are specific to aversive stimuli, using modulation of the blink startle reflex as a measure of emotional reactivity. Participants viewed pictures depicting violence, romance/erotica, or mundane content. On half of all trials, a cue (color) predicted the content of the upcoming picture; on the remaining trials, scenes were presented without a cue. Acoustic startle probes were presented during picture viewing on trials with predictive cues and trials without a cue. Replicating previous studies, blink reflexes elicited when viewing violent pictures that had not been preceded by a cue were potentiated compared to uncued mundane scenes, and reflexes were attenuated when viewing scenes of erotica/romance that had not been cued. On the other hand, reflex potentiation when viewing scenes of violence (relative to mundane scenes) was eliminated when these pictures were preceded by a predictive cue, whereas scenes of romance prompted reliable reflex attenuation regardless of whether pictures were cued or not. Taken together, the data suggest that cuing elicits an anticipatory coping process that is specific to aversive stimuli. SN - 1540-5958 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/26399464/Prediction_and_perception:_Defensive_startle_modulation_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -