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Vitamin D status during fetal life and childhood kidney outcomes.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016 May; 70(5):629-34.EJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES

Maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy may influence offspring kidney health. We aimed to examine the associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) blood levels during fetal life with kidney outcomes at school age.

SUBJECTS/METHODS

This study was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study among 4212 mother-child pairs. We measured maternal second trimester (18-25 weeks) and fetal cord blood (at birth) 25(OH)D levels. At a median age of 6.0 years, we measured children's combined kidney volume, glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from creatinine and cystatin C serum levels, and microalbuminuria from albumin and creatinine urine levels.

RESULTS

Of all mothers, 21.9% had severely deficient levels (25(OH)D <25.0 nmol/l), 25.7% had deficient levels (25.0-49.9 nmol/l), 25% had sufficient levels (50.0-74.9 nmol/l) and 27.4% had optimal levels (⩾75.0 nmol/l). Maternal 25(OH)D levels were not consistently associated with childhood combined kidney volume. Higher maternal 25(OH)D levels were associated with lower childhood eGFR (difference -0.94 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) (95% confidence interval, -1.73; -0.15) per 1 standard deviation (s.d.) increase in 25(OH)D). Maternal 25(OH)D levels were not associated with microalbuminuria. Cord blood 25(OH)D levels were not associated with childhood kidney outcomes. The associations of maternal 25(OH)D levels with childhood eGFR were partly explained by childhood vitamin D status.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that maternal 25(OH)D levels during pregnancy may influence childhood kidney outcomes. These results should be considered hypothesis generating. Further studies are needed to replicate the observations, to examine the underlying mechanisms and to identify the long-term clinical consequences.

Links

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Miliku K
The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Voortman T
The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Franco OH
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
McGrath JJ
Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Eyles DW
Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Burne TH
Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Hofman A
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Tiemeier H
Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Jaddoe VW
The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

MeSH

AdultChildFemaleFetal BloodHumansKidneyKidney Function TestsMaleMaternal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaPregnancyPregnancy ComplicationsPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsProspective StudiesVitamin DVitamin D Deficiency

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

26695721

Citation

Miliku, K, et al. "Vitamin D Status During Fetal Life and Childhood Kidney Outcomes." European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 70, no. 5, 2016, pp. 629-34.
Miliku K, Voortman T, Franco OH, et al. Vitamin D status during fetal life and childhood kidney outcomes. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016;70(5):629-34.
Miliku, K., Voortman, T., Franco, O. H., McGrath, J. J., Eyles, D. W., Burne, T. H., Hofman, A., Tiemeier, H., & Jaddoe, V. W. (2016). Vitamin D status during fetal life and childhood kidney outcomes. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 70(5), 629-34. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2015.216
Miliku K, et al. Vitamin D Status During Fetal Life and Childhood Kidney Outcomes. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016;70(5):629-34. PubMed PMID: 26695721.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Vitamin D status during fetal life and childhood kidney outcomes. AU - Miliku,K, AU - Voortman,T, AU - Franco,O H, AU - McGrath,J J, AU - Eyles,D W, AU - Burne,T H, AU - Hofman,A, AU - Tiemeier,H, AU - Jaddoe,V W V, Y1 - 2015/12/23/ PY - 2015/8/19/received PY - 2015/9/28/revised PY - 2015/11/9/accepted PY - 2015/12/24/entrez PY - 2015/12/24/pubmed PY - 2018/1/10/medline SP - 629 EP - 34 JF - European journal of clinical nutrition JO - Eur J Clin Nutr VL - 70 IS - 5 N2 - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy may influence offspring kidney health. We aimed to examine the associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) blood levels during fetal life with kidney outcomes at school age. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study among 4212 mother-child pairs. We measured maternal second trimester (18-25 weeks) and fetal cord blood (at birth) 25(OH)D levels. At a median age of 6.0 years, we measured children's combined kidney volume, glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from creatinine and cystatin C serum levels, and microalbuminuria from albumin and creatinine urine levels. RESULTS: Of all mothers, 21.9% had severely deficient levels (25(OH)D <25.0 nmol/l), 25.7% had deficient levels (25.0-49.9 nmol/l), 25% had sufficient levels (50.0-74.9 nmol/l) and 27.4% had optimal levels (⩾75.0 nmol/l). Maternal 25(OH)D levels were not consistently associated with childhood combined kidney volume. Higher maternal 25(OH)D levels were associated with lower childhood eGFR (difference -0.94 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) (95% confidence interval, -1.73; -0.15) per 1 standard deviation (s.d.) increase in 25(OH)D). Maternal 25(OH)D levels were not associated with microalbuminuria. Cord blood 25(OH)D levels were not associated with childhood kidney outcomes. The associations of maternal 25(OH)D levels with childhood eGFR were partly explained by childhood vitamin D status. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that maternal 25(OH)D levels during pregnancy may influence childhood kidney outcomes. These results should be considered hypothesis generating. Further studies are needed to replicate the observations, to examine the underlying mechanisms and to identify the long-term clinical consequences. SN - 1476-5640 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/26695721/Vitamin_D_status_during_fetal_life_and_childhood_kidney_outcomes_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -