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Global burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a cross-sectional analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.
Lancet Infect Dis. 2016 05; 16(5):584-591.LI

Abstract

BACKGROUND

High-quality epidemiological studies evaluating the burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis worldwide are lacking. We compared the burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis in each country to the overall global burden and assessed the equality of cutaneous leishmaniasis burden across different countries and regions.

METHODS

Data were extracted from scientific literature, hospital sources, country reports, and WHO sources on the prevalence of sequalae of both acute and chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Prevalence data were combined with a disability weight to yield years lived with disability. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) are a sum of the years lived with disability and years of life lost (or mortality, assumed to be zero). We compared DALYs due to cutaneous leishmaniasis for 152 countries using standard Z score analysis with Bonferroni correction (p<0·003) and generation of Lorenz curves with a Gini coefficient.

FINDINGS

In 2013, the global mean age-standardised DALYs for cutaneous leishmaniasis was 0·58 per 100 000 people. Nine countries had significantly greater DALYs from cutaneous leishmaniasis than the mean: Afghanistan (87·0), Sudan (20·2), Syria (9·2), Yemen (6·2), Iraq (6·0), Burkina Faso (4·8), Bolivia (4·6), Haiti (4·1), and Peru (4·0). The Gini coefficient was 0·89. Andean Latin America, North Africa and Middle East, western sub-Saharan Africa, and south Asia had the highest DALYs from cutaneous leishmaniasis. Among males, Palestine had the highest incidence rates (616·2 cases per 100 000 people) followed by Afghanistan (566·4), Syria (357·1), and Nicaragua (354·8). Among females, Afghanistan had the highest incidence rates (623·9) followed by Syria (406·3), Palestine (222·1), and Nicaragua (180·8). Similar proportions of males and females had cutaneous leishmaniasis in most countries with a high incidence.

INTERPRETATION

The burden from cutaneous leishmaniasis mainly falls on countries in Africa and the Middle East. Global and national data on the burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis disease are pivotal to promote field studies and initiate behavioural change.

FUNDING

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Links

Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Karimkhani C
University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address: ck2525@caa.columbia.edu.
Wanga V
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Coffeng LE
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, CA Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Naghavi P
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Dellavalle RP
Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Dermatology Service, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, CO, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA.
Naghavi M
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

MeSH

AfricaCost of IllnessCross-Sectional StudiesDeveloping CountriesDisabled PersonsFemaleGlobal Burden of DiseaseGlobal HealthHumansIncidenceLeishmaniasis, CutaneousMaleQuality-Adjusted Life YearsRisk Factors

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

26879176

Citation

Karimkhani, Chante, et al. "Global Burden of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: a Cross-sectional Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013." The Lancet. Infectious Diseases, vol. 16, no. 5, 2016, pp. 584-591.
Karimkhani C, Wanga V, Coffeng LE, et al. Global burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a cross-sectional analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16(5):584-591.
Karimkhani, C., Wanga, V., Coffeng, L. E., Naghavi, P., Dellavalle, R. P., & Naghavi, M. (2016). Global burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a cross-sectional analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases, 16(5), 584-591. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00003-7
Karimkhani C, et al. Global Burden of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: a Cross-sectional Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16(5):584-591. PubMed PMID: 26879176.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Global burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a cross-sectional analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. AU - Karimkhani,Chante, AU - Wanga,Valentine, AU - Coffeng,Luc E, AU - Naghavi,Paria, AU - Dellavalle,Robert P, AU - Naghavi,Mohsen, Y1 - 2016/02/12/ PY - 2015/07/08/received PY - 2015/12/17/revised PY - 2015/12/22/accepted PY - 2016/2/17/entrez PY - 2016/2/18/pubmed PY - 2017/6/6/medline SP - 584 EP - 591 JF - The Lancet. Infectious diseases JO - Lancet Infect Dis VL - 16 IS - 5 N2 - BACKGROUND: High-quality epidemiological studies evaluating the burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis worldwide are lacking. We compared the burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis in each country to the overall global burden and assessed the equality of cutaneous leishmaniasis burden across different countries and regions. METHODS: Data were extracted from scientific literature, hospital sources, country reports, and WHO sources on the prevalence of sequalae of both acute and chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Prevalence data were combined with a disability weight to yield years lived with disability. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) are a sum of the years lived with disability and years of life lost (or mortality, assumed to be zero). We compared DALYs due to cutaneous leishmaniasis for 152 countries using standard Z score analysis with Bonferroni correction (p<0·003) and generation of Lorenz curves with a Gini coefficient. FINDINGS: In 2013, the global mean age-standardised DALYs for cutaneous leishmaniasis was 0·58 per 100 000 people. Nine countries had significantly greater DALYs from cutaneous leishmaniasis than the mean: Afghanistan (87·0), Sudan (20·2), Syria (9·2), Yemen (6·2), Iraq (6·0), Burkina Faso (4·8), Bolivia (4·6), Haiti (4·1), and Peru (4·0). The Gini coefficient was 0·89. Andean Latin America, North Africa and Middle East, western sub-Saharan Africa, and south Asia had the highest DALYs from cutaneous leishmaniasis. Among males, Palestine had the highest incidence rates (616·2 cases per 100 000 people) followed by Afghanistan (566·4), Syria (357·1), and Nicaragua (354·8). Among females, Afghanistan had the highest incidence rates (623·9) followed by Syria (406·3), Palestine (222·1), and Nicaragua (180·8). Similar proportions of males and females had cutaneous leishmaniasis in most countries with a high incidence. INTERPRETATION: The burden from cutaneous leishmaniasis mainly falls on countries in Africa and the Middle East. Global and national data on the burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis disease are pivotal to promote field studies and initiate behavioural change. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. SN - 1474-4457 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/26879176/full_citation DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -