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Kinetics of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of Zea mays Linnaeus (Poaceae), Stigma maydis aqueous extract: An in vitro assessment.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 May 13; 183:1-8.JE

Abstract

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE

Corn silk (Zea mays L., Stigma maydis) is an important herb used traditionally in many parts of the world to treat array of diseases including diabetes mellitus. Inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase offer an effective strategy to modulate levels of post prandial hyperglycaemia via control of starch metabolism.

AIM OF THE STUDY

This study evaluated α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potentials of corn silk aqueous extract. Active principles and antioxidant attributes of the extract were also analysed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The α-amylase inhibitory potential of the extract was investigated by reacting its different concentrations with α-amylase and starch solution, while α-glucosidase inhibition was determined by pre-incubating α-glucosidase with different concentrations of the extract followed by addition of p-nitrophenylglucopyranoside. The mode(s) of inhibition of the enzymes were determined using Lineweaver-Burke plot.

RESULTS

In vitro analysis of the extract showed that it exhibited potent and moderate inhibitory potential against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. The inhibition was concentration-dependent with respective half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 5.89 and 0.93mg/mL. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins and phytosterols as probable inhibitory constituents. Furthermore, the extract remarkably scavenges reactive oxygen species like DPPH and nitric oxide radicals, elicited good reducing power and a significant metal chelating attributes.

CONCLUSION

Overall, the non-competitive and uncompetitive mechanism of action of corn silk extract is due to its inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Consequently, this will reduce the rate of starch hydrolysis, enhance palliated glucose levels, and thus, lending credence to hypoglycaemic candidature of corn silk.

Links

Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Sabiu S
Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, QwaQwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa; Department of Microbial, Biochemical, and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
O'Neill FH
Department of Microbial, Biochemical, and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Ashafa AOT
Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, QwaQwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa. Electronic address: ashafaaot@ufs.ac.za.

MeSH

AlkaloidsAntioxidantsFlavonoidsGlycoside Hydrolase InhibitorsHyperglycemiaHypoglycemic AgentsKineticsNitric OxidePhenolsPhytosterolsPlant ExtractsPoaceaeReactive Oxygen SpeciesSaponinsTanninsZea maysalpha-Amylasesalpha-Glucosidases

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

26902829

Citation

Sabiu, S, et al. "Kinetics of Α-amylase and Α-glucosidase Inhibitory Potential of Zea Mays Linnaeus (Poaceae), Stigma Maydis Aqueous Extract: an in Vitro Assessment." Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 183, 2016, pp. 1-8.
Sabiu S, O'Neill FH, Ashafa AOT. Kinetics of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of Zea mays Linnaeus (Poaceae), Stigma maydis aqueous extract: An in vitro assessment. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016;183:1-8.
Sabiu, S., O'Neill, F. H., & Ashafa, A. O. T. (2016). Kinetics of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of Zea mays Linnaeus (Poaceae), Stigma maydis aqueous extract: An in vitro assessment. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 183, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.024
Sabiu S, O'Neill FH, Ashafa AOT. Kinetics of Α-amylase and Α-glucosidase Inhibitory Potential of Zea Mays Linnaeus (Poaceae), Stigma Maydis Aqueous Extract: an in Vitro Assessment. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 May 13;183:1-8. PubMed PMID: 26902829.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of Zea mays Linnaeus (Poaceae), Stigma maydis aqueous extract: An in vitro assessment. AU - Sabiu,S, AU - O'Neill,F H, AU - Ashafa,A O T, Y1 - 2016/02/21/ PY - 2015/06/30/received PY - 2016/01/19/revised PY - 2016/02/19/accepted PY - 2016/2/24/entrez PY - 2016/2/24/pubmed PY - 2016/12/15/medline KW - Acarbose KW - Active principles KW - Diabetics KW - Postprandial hyperglycaemia KW - Reactive oxygen species SP - 1 EP - 8 JF - Journal of ethnopharmacology JO - J Ethnopharmacol VL - 183 N2 - ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Corn silk (Zea mays L., Stigma maydis) is an important herb used traditionally in many parts of the world to treat array of diseases including diabetes mellitus. Inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase offer an effective strategy to modulate levels of post prandial hyperglycaemia via control of starch metabolism. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study evaluated α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potentials of corn silk aqueous extract. Active principles and antioxidant attributes of the extract were also analysed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The α-amylase inhibitory potential of the extract was investigated by reacting its different concentrations with α-amylase and starch solution, while α-glucosidase inhibition was determined by pre-incubating α-glucosidase with different concentrations of the extract followed by addition of p-nitrophenylglucopyranoside. The mode(s) of inhibition of the enzymes were determined using Lineweaver-Burke plot. RESULTS: In vitro analysis of the extract showed that it exhibited potent and moderate inhibitory potential against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. The inhibition was concentration-dependent with respective half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 5.89 and 0.93mg/mL. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins and phytosterols as probable inhibitory constituents. Furthermore, the extract remarkably scavenges reactive oxygen species like DPPH and nitric oxide radicals, elicited good reducing power and a significant metal chelating attributes. CONCLUSION: Overall, the non-competitive and uncompetitive mechanism of action of corn silk extract is due to its inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Consequently, this will reduce the rate of starch hydrolysis, enhance palliated glucose levels, and thus, lending credence to hypoglycaemic candidature of corn silk. SN - 1872-7573 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/26902829/Kinetics_of_α_amylase_and_α_glucosidase_inhibitory_potential_of_Zea_mays_Linnaeus__Poaceae__Stigma_maydis_aqueous_extract:_An_in_vitro_assessment_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -