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A Prospective Analysis of Meat Mutagens and Colorectal Cancer in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study.
Environ Health Perspect. 2016 Oct; 124(10):1529-1536.EH

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) in cooked meats may play a role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development.

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to prospectively examine the association between estimated intakes of HCAs and meat-derived mutagenicity (MDM) in two cohorts of health professionals, the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and the Nurses' Health Study (NHS).

METHODS

In 29,615 men and 65,875 women, intake of the HCAs 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-j)quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine (PhIP), 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline (DiMeIQx), and MDM was estimated using a 1996 cooking questionnaire, the 1994 food frequency questionnaire, and an online database. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and to adjust for potential confounders. Estimates for both cohorts were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.

RESULTS

Between 1996 and 2010, 418 male and 790 female CRC cases were identified. Meat mutagen intake was not statistically significantly associated with risk of CRC [highest vs. lowest quintile, pooled HR (95% CI) for MeIQx: 1.12 (0.93, 1.34), p for trend 0.23; PhIP: 1.10 (0.90, 1.33), p for trend 0.35; MDM: 1.03 (0.86, 1.24), p for trend 0.75] or subtypes of CRC defined by tumor location (proximal or distal colon, or rectum). When analyzed by source of meat, PhIP from red but not from white meat was nonsignificantly positively associated with CRC and significantly positively associated with proximal cancers [HR (95% CI) per standard deviation increase of log-transformed intake: PhIP red meat: CRC: 1.06 (0.99, 1.12), proximal: 1.11 (1.02, 1.21); PhIP white meat: CRC: 0.99 (0.94, 1.04), proximal: 1.00 (0.93, 1.09)].

CONCLUSIONS

Estimated intakes of meat mutagens were not significantly associated with CRC risk over 14 years of follow-up in the NHS and HPFS cohorts. Results for PhIP from red but not from white meat warrant further investigation.

CITATION

Le NT, Michels FA, Song M, Zhang X, Bernstein AM, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS, Ogino S, Chan AT, Sinha R, Willett WC, Wu K. 2016. A prospective analysis of meat mutagens and colorectal cancer in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Environ Health Perspect 124:1529-1536; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP238.

Links

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Le NT
Department of Occupational Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Michels FA
No affiliation info available
Song M
No affiliation info available
Zhang X
No affiliation info available
Bernstein AM
No affiliation info available
Giovannucci EL
No affiliation info available
Fuchs CS
No affiliation info available
Ogino S
No affiliation info available
Chan AT
No affiliation info available
Sinha R
No affiliation info available
Willett WC
No affiliation info available
Wu K
No affiliation info available

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

27105317

Citation

Le, Ngoan Tran, et al. "A Prospective Analysis of Meat Mutagens and Colorectal Cancer in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study." Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 124, no. 10, 2016, pp. 1529-1536.
Le NT, Michels FA, Song M, et al. A Prospective Analysis of Meat Mutagens and Colorectal Cancer in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Environ Health Perspect. 2016;124(10):1529-1536.
Le, N. T., Michels, F. A., Song, M., Zhang, X., Bernstein, A. M., Giovannucci, E. L., Fuchs, C. S., Ogino, S., Chan, A. T., Sinha, R., Willett, W. C., & Wu, K. (2016). A Prospective Analysis of Meat Mutagens and Colorectal Cancer in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Environmental Health Perspectives, 124(10), 1529-1536.
Le NT, et al. A Prospective Analysis of Meat Mutagens and Colorectal Cancer in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Environ Health Perspect. 2016;124(10):1529-1536. PubMed PMID: 27105317.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - A Prospective Analysis of Meat Mutagens and Colorectal Cancer in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. AU - Le,Ngoan Tran, AU - Michels,Fernanda Alessandra Silva, AU - Song,Mingyang, AU - Zhang,Xuehong, AU - Bernstein,Adam M, AU - Giovannucci,Edward L, AU - Fuchs,Charles S, AU - Ogino,Shuji, AU - Chan,Andrew T, AU - Sinha,Rashmi, AU - Willett,Walter C, AU - Wu,Kana, Y1 - 2016/04/22/ PY - 2015/08/01/received PY - 2015/11/22/revised PY - 2016/04/06/accepted PY - 2016/4/23/entrez PY - 2016/4/23/pubmed PY - 2016/4/23/medline SP - 1529 EP - 1536 JF - Environmental health perspectives JO - Environ Health Perspect VL - 124 IS - 10 N2 - BACKGROUND: Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) in cooked meats may play a role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to prospectively examine the association between estimated intakes of HCAs and meat-derived mutagenicity (MDM) in two cohorts of health professionals, the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and the Nurses' Health Study (NHS). METHODS: In 29,615 men and 65,875 women, intake of the HCAs 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-j)quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine (PhIP), 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoxaline (DiMeIQx), and MDM was estimated using a 1996 cooking questionnaire, the 1994 food frequency questionnaire, and an online database. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and to adjust for potential confounders. Estimates for both cohorts were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: Between 1996 and 2010, 418 male and 790 female CRC cases were identified. Meat mutagen intake was not statistically significantly associated with risk of CRC [highest vs. lowest quintile, pooled HR (95% CI) for MeIQx: 1.12 (0.93, 1.34), p for trend 0.23; PhIP: 1.10 (0.90, 1.33), p for trend 0.35; MDM: 1.03 (0.86, 1.24), p for trend 0.75] or subtypes of CRC defined by tumor location (proximal or distal colon, or rectum). When analyzed by source of meat, PhIP from red but not from white meat was nonsignificantly positively associated with CRC and significantly positively associated with proximal cancers [HR (95% CI) per standard deviation increase of log-transformed intake: PhIP red meat: CRC: 1.06 (0.99, 1.12), proximal: 1.11 (1.02, 1.21); PhIP white meat: CRC: 0.99 (0.94, 1.04), proximal: 1.00 (0.93, 1.09)]. CONCLUSIONS: Estimated intakes of meat mutagens were not significantly associated with CRC risk over 14 years of follow-up in the NHS and HPFS cohorts. Results for PhIP from red but not from white meat warrant further investigation. CITATION: Le NT, Michels FA, Song M, Zhang X, Bernstein AM, Giovannucci EL, Fuchs CS, Ogino S, Chan AT, Sinha R, Willett WC, Wu K. 2016. A prospective analysis of meat mutagens and colorectal cancer in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Environ Health Perspect 124:1529-1536; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP238. SN - 1552-9924 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/27105317/A_Prospective_Analysis_of_Meat_Mutagens_and_Colorectal_Cancer_in_the_Nurses'_Health_Study_and_Health_Professionals_Follow_up_Study_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -