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Chromium immobilization by extra- and intraradical fungal structures of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses.
J Hazard Mater. 2016 10 05; 316:34-42.JH

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can enhance plant Cr tolerance through immobilizing Cr in mycorrhizal roots. However, the detailed processes and mechanisms are unclear. The present study focused on cellular distribution and speciation of Cr in both extraradical mycelium (ERM) and mycorrhizal roots exposed to Cr(VI) by using field emission scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (FE-SEM-EDS), scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy (STXM) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy techniques. We found that amounts of particles (possibly extracellular polymeric substances, EPS) were produced on the AM fungal surface upon Cr(VI) stress, which contributed greatly to Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization. With EDS of the surface of AM fungi exposed to various Cr(VI) levels, a positive correlation between Cr and P was revealed, suggesting that phosphate groups might act as counter ions of Cr(III), which was also confirmed by the XAFS analysis. Besides, STXM and XAFS analyses showed that Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III) in AM fungal structures (arbuscules, intraradical mycelium, etc.) and cell walls in mycorrhizal roots, and complexed possibly with carboxyl groups or histidine analogues. The present work provided evidence of Cr immobilization on fungal surface and in fungal structures in mycorrhizal roots at a cellular level, and thus unraveled the underlying mechanisms by which AM symbiosis immobilize Cr.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Wu S
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China; Department of Environmental Geosciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol 165 21, Czech Republic.
Zhang X
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China.
Sun Y
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
Wu Z
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
Li T
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China.
Hu Y
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, People's Republic of China.
Lv J
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.
Li G
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.
Zhang Z
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.
Zhang J
Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
Zheng L
Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.
Zhen X
Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, People's Republic of China.
Chen B
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: bdchen@rcees.ac.cn.

MeSH

ChromiumFungal StructuresMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningMyceliumMycorrhizaePhosphatesPlant RootsPlantsSpectrometry, X-Ray EmissionSurface PropertiesSymbiosis

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

27209517

Citation

Wu, Songlin, et al. "Chromium Immobilization By Extra- and Intraradical Fungal Structures of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbioses." Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 316, 2016, pp. 34-42.
Wu S, Zhang X, Sun Y, et al. Chromium immobilization by extra- and intraradical fungal structures of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses. J Hazard Mater. 2016;316:34-42.
Wu, S., Zhang, X., Sun, Y., Wu, Z., Li, T., Hu, Y., Lv, J., Li, G., Zhang, Z., Zhang, J., Zheng, L., Zhen, X., & Chen, B. (2016). Chromium immobilization by extra- and intraradical fungal structures of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 316, 34-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.05.017
Wu S, et al. Chromium Immobilization By Extra- and Intraradical Fungal Structures of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbioses. J Hazard Mater. 2016 10 5;316:34-42. PubMed PMID: 27209517.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Chromium immobilization by extra- and intraradical fungal structures of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses. AU - Wu,Songlin, AU - Zhang,Xin, AU - Sun,Yuqing, AU - Wu,Zhaoxiang, AU - Li,Tao, AU - Hu,Yajun, AU - Lv,Jitao, AU - Li,Gang, AU - Zhang,Zhensong, AU - Zhang,Jing, AU - Zheng,Lirong, AU - Zhen,Xiangjun, AU - Chen,Baodong, Y1 - 2016/05/06/ PY - 2016/02/01/received PY - 2016/05/04/revised PY - 2016/05/05/accepted PY - 2016/5/23/entrez PY - 2016/5/23/pubmed PY - 2018/1/31/medline KW - Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi KW - Chromium KW - SEM-EDS KW - STXM KW - XAFS SP - 34 EP - 42 JF - Journal of hazardous materials JO - J Hazard Mater VL - 316 N2 - Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can enhance plant Cr tolerance through immobilizing Cr in mycorrhizal roots. However, the detailed processes and mechanisms are unclear. The present study focused on cellular distribution and speciation of Cr in both extraradical mycelium (ERM) and mycorrhizal roots exposed to Cr(VI) by using field emission scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (FE-SEM-EDS), scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy (STXM) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy techniques. We found that amounts of particles (possibly extracellular polymeric substances, EPS) were produced on the AM fungal surface upon Cr(VI) stress, which contributed greatly to Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization. With EDS of the surface of AM fungi exposed to various Cr(VI) levels, a positive correlation between Cr and P was revealed, suggesting that phosphate groups might act as counter ions of Cr(III), which was also confirmed by the XAFS analysis. Besides, STXM and XAFS analyses showed that Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III) in AM fungal structures (arbuscules, intraradical mycelium, etc.) and cell walls in mycorrhizal roots, and complexed possibly with carboxyl groups or histidine analogues. The present work provided evidence of Cr immobilization on fungal surface and in fungal structures in mycorrhizal roots at a cellular level, and thus unraveled the underlying mechanisms by which AM symbiosis immobilize Cr. SN - 1873-3336 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/27209517/Chromium_immobilization_by_extra__and_intraradical_fungal_structures_of_arbuscular_mycorrhizal_symbioses_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -