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Mothers' willingness to pay for HPV vaccines in Anambra state, Nigeria: a cross sectional contingent valuation study.
Cost Eff Resour Alloc. 2016; 14:8.CE

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination in Nigeria will require substantial financing due to high cost of HPV vaccine and inexistence of structures to support adolescent vaccination. Alternative sources are needed to sustain the government funded HPV vaccination programme. This study assessed Nigerian mothers' willingness-to-pay (WTP) for HPV vaccine. We also compared the difference between the average WTP and estimated costs of vaccinating a pre-adolescent girl (CVG).

METHODS

We conducted a quantitative, cross-sectional, survey-based study in which 50 questionnaires were distributed to each of 10 secondary schools located in two rural and one urban city in Anambra state. The questionnaires were then randomly distributed to girls aged 9-12 years of age to give to their mothers. Contingent valuation approach using the payment card technique was used to estimate the average maximum WTP among the survey participants. Correlates of WTP for HPV vaccination were obtained using multivariate logistic regression. Estimated CVG was obtained by adapting cost of HPV vaccine delivery in Tanzania to the Nigerian setting.

RESULTS

A total of 438 questionnaires (88 %) were returned. The average WTP was US$ 11.68. This is opposed to estimated delivery cost of US$ 18.16 and US$ 19.26 for urban and rural populations respectively at vaccine price offered by the Vaccine Alliance (Gavi) and US$ 35.16 and US$ 36.26 for urban and rural populations respectively at the lowest obtainable public sector vaccine price. Demand for HPV vaccine was deemed high (91.6 %) and was significantly associated with respondents previously diagnosed of HPV infection.

CONCLUSION

Demand for HPV vaccine was high although short of estimated CVG. High demand for vaccine should be capitalized upon to increase vaccine uptake. Education on cervical cancer and provider-initiated vaccination should be promoted to increase vaccine uptake. Co-payment could be a feasible financing strategy in the event of national HPV vaccination.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria ; Collaborative Research Group for Evidence-Based Public Health, Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS/University of Bremen, Achterstr. 30, 28359 Bremen, Germany.

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

27274335

Citation

Umeh, Ifeoma Blessing, et al. "Mothers' Willingness to Pay for HPV Vaccines in Anambra State, Nigeria: a Cross Sectional Contingent Valuation Study." Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation : C/E, vol. 14, 2016, p. 8.
Umeh IB, Nduka SO, Ekwunife OI. Mothers' willingness to pay for HPV vaccines in Anambra state, Nigeria: a cross sectional contingent valuation study. Cost Eff Resour Alloc. 2016;14:8.
Umeh, I. B., Nduka, S. O., & Ekwunife, O. I. (2016). Mothers' willingness to pay for HPV vaccines in Anambra state, Nigeria: a cross sectional contingent valuation study. Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation : C/E, 14, 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12962-016-0057-0
Umeh IB, Nduka SO, Ekwunife OI. Mothers' Willingness to Pay for HPV Vaccines in Anambra State, Nigeria: a Cross Sectional Contingent Valuation Study. Cost Eff Resour Alloc. 2016;14:8. PubMed PMID: 27274335.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Mothers' willingness to pay for HPV vaccines in Anambra state, Nigeria: a cross sectional contingent valuation study. AU - Umeh,Ifeoma Blessing, AU - Nduka,Sunday Odunke, AU - Ekwunife,Obinna Ikechukwu, Y1 - 2016/06/06/ PY - 2015/11/24/received PY - 2016/05/30/accepted PY - 2016/6/9/entrez PY - 2016/6/9/pubmed PY - 2016/6/9/medline KW - Nigeria KW - Papilloma virus vaccine KW - Patient preference KW - Uterine cervical neoplasms KW - Willingness-to-pay SP - 8 EP - 8 JF - Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E JO - Cost Eff Resour Alloc VL - 14 N2 - BACKGROUND: Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination in Nigeria will require substantial financing due to high cost of HPV vaccine and inexistence of structures to support adolescent vaccination. Alternative sources are needed to sustain the government funded HPV vaccination programme. This study assessed Nigerian mothers' willingness-to-pay (WTP) for HPV vaccine. We also compared the difference between the average WTP and estimated costs of vaccinating a pre-adolescent girl (CVG). METHODS: We conducted a quantitative, cross-sectional, survey-based study in which 50 questionnaires were distributed to each of 10 secondary schools located in two rural and one urban city in Anambra state. The questionnaires were then randomly distributed to girls aged 9-12 years of age to give to their mothers. Contingent valuation approach using the payment card technique was used to estimate the average maximum WTP among the survey participants. Correlates of WTP for HPV vaccination were obtained using multivariate logistic regression. Estimated CVG was obtained by adapting cost of HPV vaccine delivery in Tanzania to the Nigerian setting. RESULTS: A total of 438 questionnaires (88 %) were returned. The average WTP was US$ 11.68. This is opposed to estimated delivery cost of US$ 18.16 and US$ 19.26 for urban and rural populations respectively at vaccine price offered by the Vaccine Alliance (Gavi) and US$ 35.16 and US$ 36.26 for urban and rural populations respectively at the lowest obtainable public sector vaccine price. Demand for HPV vaccine was deemed high (91.6 %) and was significantly associated with respondents previously diagnosed of HPV infection. CONCLUSION: Demand for HPV vaccine was high although short of estimated CVG. High demand for vaccine should be capitalized upon to increase vaccine uptake. Education on cervical cancer and provider-initiated vaccination should be promoted to increase vaccine uptake. Co-payment could be a feasible financing strategy in the event of national HPV vaccination. SN - 1478-7547 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/27274335/Mothers'_willingness_to_pay_for_HPV_vaccines_in_Anambra_state_Nigeria:_a_cross_sectional_contingent_valuation_study_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -
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