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Hendra Virus Infection Dynamics in the Grey-Headed Flying Fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) at the Southern-Most Extent of Its Range: Further Evidence This Species Does Not Readily Transmit the Virus to Horses.
PLoS One. 2016; 11(6):e0155252.Plos

Abstract

Hendra virus (HeV) is an important emergent virus in Australia known to infect horses and humans in certain regions of the east coast. Whilst pteropid bats ("flying foxes") are considered the natural reservoir of HeV, which of the four mainland species is the principal reservoir has been a source of ongoing debate, particularly as shared roosting is common. To help resolve this, we sampled a colony consisting of just one of these species, the grey-headed flying fox, (Pteropus poliocephalus), at the southernmost extent of its range. Using the pooled urine sampling technique at approximately weekly intervals over a two year period, we determined the prevalence of HeV and related paramyxoviruses using a novel multiplex (Luminex) platform. Whilst all the pooled urine samples were negative for HeV nucleic acid, we successfully identified four other paramyxoviruses, including Cedar virus; a henipavirus closely related to HeV. Collection of serum from individually caught bats from the colony showed that antibodies to HeV, as estimated by a serological Luminex assay, were present in between 14.6% and 44.5% of animals. The wide range of the estimate reflects uncertainties in interpreting intermediate results. Interpreting the study in the context of HeV studies from states to the north, we add support for an arising consensus that it is the black flying fox and not the grey-headed flying fox that is the principal source of HeV in spillover events to horses.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

City of Greater Geelong, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

MeSH

AnimalsAntibodies, ViralAustraliaChiropteraDisease ReservoirsGeographyHendra VirusHenipavirus InfectionsHorse DiseasesHorsesHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansParamyxoviridae InfectionsParamyxovirinaePrevalenceSeasonsTime FactorsZoonoses

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

27304985

Citation

Burroughs, A L., et al. "Hendra Virus Infection Dynamics in the Grey-Headed Flying Fox (Pteropus Poliocephalus) at the Southern-Most Extent of Its Range: Further Evidence This Species Does Not Readily Transmit the Virus to Horses." PloS One, vol. 11, no. 6, 2016, pp. e0155252.

Burroughs AL, Durr PA, Boyd V, et al. Hendra Virus Infection Dynamics in the Grey-Headed Flying Fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) at the Southern-Most Extent of Its Range: Further Evidence This Species Does Not Readily Transmit the Virus to Horses. PLoS One. 2016;11(6):e0155252.

Burroughs, A. L., Durr, P. A., Boyd, V., Graham, K., White, J. R., Todd, S., Barr, J., Smith, I., Baverstock, G., Meers, J., Crameri, G., & Wang, L. F. (2016). Hendra Virus Infection Dynamics in the Grey-Headed Flying Fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) at the Southern-Most Extent of Its Range: Further Evidence This Species Does Not Readily Transmit the Virus to Horses. PloS One, 11(6), e0155252. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155252

Burroughs AL, et al. Hendra Virus Infection Dynamics in the Grey-Headed Flying Fox (Pteropus Poliocephalus) at the Southern-Most Extent of Its Range: Further Evidence This Species Does Not Readily Transmit the Virus to Horses. PLoS One. 2016;11(6):e0155252. PubMed PMID: 27304985.

* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case

TY - JOUR T1 - Hendra Virus Infection Dynamics in the Grey-Headed Flying Fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) at the Southern-Most Extent of Its Range: Further Evidence This Species Does Not Readily Transmit the Virus to Horses. AU - Burroughs,A L, AU - Durr,P A, AU - Boyd,V, AU - Graham,K, AU - White,J R, AU - Todd,S, AU - Barr,J, AU - Smith,I, AU - Baverstock,G, AU - Meers,J, AU - Crameri,G, AU - Wang,L-F, Y1 - 2016/06/15/ PY - 2016/01/04/received PY - 2016/04/26/accepted PY - 2016/6/16/entrez PY - 2016/6/16/pubmed PY - 2017/7/22/medline SP - e0155252 EP - e0155252 JF - PloS one JO - PLoS One VL - 11 IS - 6 N2 - Hendra virus (HeV) is an important emergent virus in Australia known to infect horses and humans in certain regions of the east coast. Whilst pteropid bats ("flying foxes") are considered the natural reservoir of HeV, which of the four mainland species is the principal reservoir has been a source of ongoing debate, particularly as shared roosting is common. To help resolve this, we sampled a colony consisting of just one of these species, the grey-headed flying fox, (Pteropus poliocephalus), at the southernmost extent of its range. Using the pooled urine sampling technique at approximately weekly intervals over a two year period, we determined the prevalence of HeV and related paramyxoviruses using a novel multiplex (Luminex) platform. Whilst all the pooled urine samples were negative for HeV nucleic acid, we successfully identified four other paramyxoviruses, including Cedar virus; a henipavirus closely related to HeV. Collection of serum from individually caught bats from the colony showed that antibodies to HeV, as estimated by a serological Luminex assay, were present in between 14.6% and 44.5% of animals. The wide range of the estimate reflects uncertainties in interpreting intermediate results. Interpreting the study in the context of HeV studies from states to the north, we add support for an arising consensus that it is the black flying fox and not the grey-headed flying fox that is the principal source of HeV in spillover events to horses. SN - 1932-6203 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/27304985/Hendra_Virus_Infection_Dynamics_in_the_Grey_Headed_Flying_Fox__Pteropus_poliocephalus__at_the_Southern_Most_Extent_of_Its_Range:_Further_Evidence_This_Species_Does_Not_Readily_Transmit_the_Virus_to_Horses_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -