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Two New Cynodonts (Therapsida) from the Middle-Early Late Triassic of Brazil and Comments on South American Probainognathians.
PLoS One. 2016; 11(10):e0162945.Plos

Abstract

We describe two new cynodonts from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil. One taxon, Bonacynodon schultzi gen. et sp. nov., comes from the lower Carnian Dinodontosaurus AZ, being correlated with the faunal association at the upper half of the lower member of the Chañares Formation (Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin, Argentina). Phylogenetically, Bonacynodon is a closer relative to Probainognathus jenseni than to any other probainognathian, bearing conspicuous canines with a denticulate distal margin. The other new taxon is Santacruzgnathus abdalai gen. et sp. nov. from the Carnian Santacruzodon AZ. Although based exclusively on a partial lower jaw, it represents a probainognathian close to Prozostrodon from the Hyperodapedon AZ and to Brasilodon, Brasilitherium and Botucaraitherium from the Riograndia AZ. The two new cynodonts and the phylogenetic hypothesis presented herein indicate the degree to which our knowledge on probainognathian cynodonts is incomplete and also the relevance of the South American fossil record for understanding their evolutionary significance. The taxonomic diversity and abundance of probainognathians from Brazil and Argentina will form the basis of deep and complex studies to address the evolutionary transformations of cynodonts leading to mammals.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Martinelli AG
Laboratório de Paleontologia de Vertebrados, Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ave. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Agronomia, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Soares MB
Laboratório de Paleontologia de Vertebrados, Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ave. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Agronomia, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Schwanke C
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Porto Alegre, Rua Coronel Vicente 281, Centro Histórico, 90030-040, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

MeSH

AnimalsBrazilChordataDental ArchFossilsJawPhylogenySkull

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

27706191

Citation

Martinelli, Agustín G., et al. "Two New Cynodonts (Therapsida) From the Middle-Early Late Triassic of Brazil and Comments On South American Probainognathians." PloS One, vol. 11, no. 10, 2016, pp. e0162945.
Martinelli AG, Soares MB, Schwanke C. Two New Cynodonts (Therapsida) from the Middle-Early Late Triassic of Brazil and Comments on South American Probainognathians. PLoS One. 2016;11(10):e0162945.
Martinelli, A. G., Soares, M. B., & Schwanke, C. (2016). Two New Cynodonts (Therapsida) from the Middle-Early Late Triassic of Brazil and Comments on South American Probainognathians. PloS One, 11(10), e0162945. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162945
Martinelli AG, Soares MB, Schwanke C. Two New Cynodonts (Therapsida) From the Middle-Early Late Triassic of Brazil and Comments On South American Probainognathians. PLoS One. 2016;11(10):e0162945. PubMed PMID: 27706191.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Two New Cynodonts (Therapsida) from the Middle-Early Late Triassic of Brazil and Comments on South American Probainognathians. AU - Martinelli,Agustín G, AU - Soares,Marina Bento, AU - Schwanke,Cibele, Y1 - 2016/10/05/ PY - 2015/12/23/received PY - 2016/08/26/accepted PY - 2016/10/6/entrez PY - 2016/10/6/pubmed PY - 2017/6/21/medline SP - e0162945 EP - e0162945 JF - PloS one JO - PLoS One VL - 11 IS - 10 N2 - We describe two new cynodonts from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil. One taxon, Bonacynodon schultzi gen. et sp. nov., comes from the lower Carnian Dinodontosaurus AZ, being correlated with the faunal association at the upper half of the lower member of the Chañares Formation (Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin, Argentina). Phylogenetically, Bonacynodon is a closer relative to Probainognathus jenseni than to any other probainognathian, bearing conspicuous canines with a denticulate distal margin. The other new taxon is Santacruzgnathus abdalai gen. et sp. nov. from the Carnian Santacruzodon AZ. Although based exclusively on a partial lower jaw, it represents a probainognathian close to Prozostrodon from the Hyperodapedon AZ and to Brasilodon, Brasilitherium and Botucaraitherium from the Riograndia AZ. The two new cynodonts and the phylogenetic hypothesis presented herein indicate the degree to which our knowledge on probainognathian cynodonts is incomplete and also the relevance of the South American fossil record for understanding their evolutionary significance. The taxonomic diversity and abundance of probainognathians from Brazil and Argentina will form the basis of deep and complex studies to address the evolutionary transformations of cynodonts leading to mammals. SN - 1932-6203 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/27706191/Two_New_Cynodonts__Therapsida__from_the_Middle_Early_Late_Triassic_of_Brazil_and_Comments_on_South_American_Probainognathians_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -