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Isolation of two insecticidal toxins from venom of the Australian theraphosid spider Coremiocnemis tropix.
Toxicon. 2016 Dec 01; 123:62-70.T

Abstract

Sheep flystrike is caused by parasitic flies laying eggs on soiled wool or open wounds, after which the hatched maggots feed on the sheep flesh and often cause large lesions. It is a significant economic problem for the livestock industry as infestations are difficult to control due to ongoing cycles of larval development into flies followed by further egg laying. We therefore screened venom fractions from the Australian theraphosid spider Coremiocnemis tropix to identify toxins active against the sheep blowfly Lucilia cuprina, which is the primary cause of flystrike in Australia. This screen led to isolation of two insecticidal peptides, Ct1a and Ct1b, that are lethal to blowflies within 24 h of injection. The primary structure of these peptides was determined using a combination of Edman degradation and sequencing of a C. tropix venom-gland transcriptome. Ct1a and Ct1b contain 39 and 38 amino acid residues, respectively, including six cysteine residues that form three disulfide bonds. Recombinant production in bacteria (Escherichia coli) resulted in low yields of Ct1a whereas solid-phase peptide synthesis using native chemical ligation produced sufficient quantities of Ct1a for functional analyses. Synthetic Ct1a had no effect on voltage-gated sodium channels from the American cockroach Periplanata americana or the German cockroach Blattella germanica, but it was lethal to sheep blowflies with an LD50 of 1687 pmol/g.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Ikonomopoulou MP
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Smith JJ
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Herzig V
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Pineda SS
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Dziemborowicz S
School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
Er SY
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Durek T
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Gilchrist J
Department of Physiology & Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Alewood PF
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
Nicholson GM
School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
Bosmans F
Department of Physiology & Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
King GF
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. Electronic address: glenn.king@imb.uq.edu.au.

MeSH

Amino Acid SequenceAnimalsArthropod ProteinsChromatography, High Pressure LiquidDipteraInsecticidesMass SpectrometrySequence AlignmentSequence Analysis, ProteinSheepSpider VenomsToxicity TestsTranscriptome

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

27793656

Citation

Ikonomopoulou, Maria P., et al. "Isolation of Two Insecticidal Toxins From Venom of the Australian Theraphosid Spider Coremiocnemis Tropix." Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society On Toxinology, vol. 123, 2016, pp. 62-70.
Ikonomopoulou MP, Smith JJ, Herzig V, et al. Isolation of two insecticidal toxins from venom of the Australian theraphosid spider Coremiocnemis tropix. Toxicon. 2016;123:62-70.
Ikonomopoulou, M. P., Smith, J. J., Herzig, V., Pineda, S. S., Dziemborowicz, S., Er, S. Y., Durek, T., Gilchrist, J., Alewood, P. F., Nicholson, G. M., Bosmans, F., & King, G. F. (2016). Isolation of two insecticidal toxins from venom of the Australian theraphosid spider Coremiocnemis tropix. Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society On Toxinology, 123, 62-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.10.013
Ikonomopoulou MP, et al. Isolation of Two Insecticidal Toxins From Venom of the Australian Theraphosid Spider Coremiocnemis Tropix. Toxicon. 2016 Dec 1;123:62-70. PubMed PMID: 27793656.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of two insecticidal toxins from venom of the Australian theraphosid spider Coremiocnemis tropix. AU - Ikonomopoulou,Maria P, AU - Smith,Jennifer J, AU - Herzig,Volker, AU - Pineda,Sandy S, AU - Dziemborowicz,Sławomir, AU - Er,Sing-Yan, AU - Durek,Thomas, AU - Gilchrist,John, AU - Alewood,Paul F, AU - Nicholson,Graham M, AU - Bosmans,Frank, AU - King,Glenn F, Y1 - 2016/10/26/ PY - 2016/08/01/received PY - 2016/10/21/revised PY - 2016/10/25/accepted PY - 2016/10/30/pubmed PY - 2017/5/19/medline PY - 2016/10/30/entrez KW - Bioinsecticide KW - Coremiocnemis tropix KW - Flystrike KW - Insecticidal peptide KW - Lucilia cuprina KW - Spider venom SP - 62 EP - 70 JF - Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology JO - Toxicon VL - 123 N2 - Sheep flystrike is caused by parasitic flies laying eggs on soiled wool or open wounds, after which the hatched maggots feed on the sheep flesh and often cause large lesions. It is a significant economic problem for the livestock industry as infestations are difficult to control due to ongoing cycles of larval development into flies followed by further egg laying. We therefore screened venom fractions from the Australian theraphosid spider Coremiocnemis tropix to identify toxins active against the sheep blowfly Lucilia cuprina, which is the primary cause of flystrike in Australia. This screen led to isolation of two insecticidal peptides, Ct1a and Ct1b, that are lethal to blowflies within 24 h of injection. The primary structure of these peptides was determined using a combination of Edman degradation and sequencing of a C. tropix venom-gland transcriptome. Ct1a and Ct1b contain 39 and 38 amino acid residues, respectively, including six cysteine residues that form three disulfide bonds. Recombinant production in bacteria (Escherichia coli) resulted in low yields of Ct1a whereas solid-phase peptide synthesis using native chemical ligation produced sufficient quantities of Ct1a for functional analyses. Synthetic Ct1a had no effect on voltage-gated sodium channels from the American cockroach Periplanata americana or the German cockroach Blattella germanica, but it was lethal to sheep blowflies with an LD50 of 1687 pmol/g. SN - 1879-3150 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/27793656/Isolation_of_two_insecticidal_toxins_from_venom_of_the_Australian_theraphosid_spider_Coremiocnemis_tropix_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0041-0101(16)30314-2 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -