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Complete transformation of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles in culture medium and lymphocyte cells during toxicity testing.
Nanotoxicology. 2017 03; 11(2):150-156.N

Abstract

Here, we present evidence on complete transformation of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles, which are among the most heavily studied metal oxide particles, during 24 h in vitro toxicological testing with human T-lymphocytes. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy results revealed that Zn speciation profiles of 30 nm and 80 nm ZnO nanoparticles, and ZnSO4- exposed cells were almost identical with the prevailing species being Zn-cysteine. This suggests that ZnO nanoparticles are rapidly transformed during a standard in vitro toxicological assay, and are sequestered intracellularly, analogously to soluble Zn. Complete transformation of ZnO in the test conditions was further supported by almost identical Zn spectra in medium to which ZnO nanoparticles or ZnSO4 was added. Likewise, Cu XANES spectra for CuO and CuSO4-exposed cells and cell culture media were similar. These results together with our observation on similar toxicological profiles of ZnO and soluble Zn, and CuO and soluble Cu, underline the importance of dissolution and subsequent transformation of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles during toxicological testing and provide evidence that the nano-specific effect of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles is negligible in this system. We strongly suggest to account for this aspect when interpreting the toxicological results of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Ivask A
a Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes , Australia.
Scheckel KG
b National Risk Management Research Laboratory , US Environmental Protection Agency , Cincinnati , OH , USA.
Kapruwan P
a Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes , Australia.
Stone V
c Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh , UK.
Yin H
d CSIRO Manufacturing , Clayton , Australia.
Voelcker NH
a Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes , Australia.
Lombi E
a Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes , Australia.

MeSH

Cell SurvivalCopperCulture MediaNanoparticlesParticle SizeSolubilitySurface PropertiesT-LymphocytesToxicity TestsX-Ray Absorption SpectroscopyZinc Oxide

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

28165880

Citation

Ivask, Angela, et al. "Complete Transformation of ZnO and CuO Nanoparticles in Culture Medium and Lymphocyte Cells During Toxicity Testing." Nanotoxicology, vol. 11, no. 2, 2017, pp. 150-156.
Ivask A, Scheckel KG, Kapruwan P, et al. Complete transformation of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles in culture medium and lymphocyte cells during toxicity testing. Nanotoxicology. 2017;11(2):150-156.
Ivask, A., Scheckel, K. G., Kapruwan, P., Stone, V., Yin, H., Voelcker, N. H., & Lombi, E. (2017). Complete transformation of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles in culture medium and lymphocyte cells during toxicity testing. Nanotoxicology, 11(2), 150-156. https://doi.org/10.1080/17435390.2017.1282049
Ivask A, et al. Complete Transformation of ZnO and CuO Nanoparticles in Culture Medium and Lymphocyte Cells During Toxicity Testing. Nanotoxicology. 2017;11(2):150-156. PubMed PMID: 28165880.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Complete transformation of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles in culture medium and lymphocyte cells during toxicity testing. AU - Ivask,Angela, AU - Scheckel,Kirk G, AU - Kapruwan,Pankaj, AU - Stone,Vicki, AU - Yin,Hong, AU - Voelcker,Nicolas H, AU - Lombi,Enzo, Y1 - 2017/02/06/ PY - 2017/2/7/pubmed PY - 2017/6/27/medline PY - 2017/2/7/entrez KW - Copper oxide KW - mammalian cells KW - nanoparticles KW - speciation KW - zinc oxide SP - 150 EP - 156 JF - Nanotoxicology JO - Nanotoxicology VL - 11 IS - 2 N2 - Here, we present evidence on complete transformation of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles, which are among the most heavily studied metal oxide particles, during 24 h in vitro toxicological testing with human T-lymphocytes. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy results revealed that Zn speciation profiles of 30 nm and 80 nm ZnO nanoparticles, and ZnSO4- exposed cells were almost identical with the prevailing species being Zn-cysteine. This suggests that ZnO nanoparticles are rapidly transformed during a standard in vitro toxicological assay, and are sequestered intracellularly, analogously to soluble Zn. Complete transformation of ZnO in the test conditions was further supported by almost identical Zn spectra in medium to which ZnO nanoparticles or ZnSO4 was added. Likewise, Cu XANES spectra for CuO and CuSO4-exposed cells and cell culture media were similar. These results together with our observation on similar toxicological profiles of ZnO and soluble Zn, and CuO and soluble Cu, underline the importance of dissolution and subsequent transformation of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles during toxicological testing and provide evidence that the nano-specific effect of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles is negligible in this system. We strongly suggest to account for this aspect when interpreting the toxicological results of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles. SN - 1743-5404 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28165880/Complete_transformation_of_ZnO_and_CuO_nanoparticles_in_culture_medium_and_lymphocyte_cells_during_toxicity_testing_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -