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Redox chemistry changes in the Panthalassic Ocean linked to the end-Permian mass extinction and delayed Early Triassic biotic recovery.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 02 21; 114(8):1806-1810.PN

Abstract

The end-Permian mass extinction represents the most severe biotic crisis for the last 540 million years, and the marine ecosystem recovery from this extinction was protracted, spanning the entirety of the Early Triassic and possibly longer. Numerous studies from the low-latitude Paleotethys and high-latitude Boreal oceans have examined the possible link between ocean chemistry changes and the end-Permian mass extinction. However, redox chemistry changes in the Panthalassic Ocean, comprising ∼85-90% of the global ocean area, remain under debate. Here, we report multiple S-isotopic data of pyrite from Upper Permian-Lower Triassic deep-sea sediments of the Panthalassic Ocean, now present in outcrops of western Canada and Japan. We find a sulfur isotope signal of negative Δ33S with either positive δ34S or negative δ34S that implies mixing of sulfide sulfur with different δ34S before, during, and after the end-Permian mass extinction. The precise coincidence of the negative Δ33S anomaly with the extinction horizon in western Canada suggests that shoaling of H2S-rich waters may have driven the end-Permian mass extinction. Our data also imply episodic euxinia and oscillations between sulfidic and oxic conditions during the earliest Triassic, providing evidence of a causal link between incursion of sulfidic waters and the delayed recovery of the marine ecosystem.

Links

Publisher Full Text
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
pnas.org
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Authors+Show Affiliations

Zhang G
School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Zhang X
School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Hu D
School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Li D
School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Algeo TJ
Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221.
Farquhar J
Department of Geology & Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742.
Henderson CM
Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4.
Qin L
School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Shen M
Thomas S. Wootton High School, Rockville, MD 20850.
Shen D
Thomas S. Wootton High School, Rockville, MD 20850.
Schoepfer SD
Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4.
Chen K
School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Shen Y
School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; yashen@ustc.edu.cn.

MeSH

AnimalsEcosystemExtinction, BiologicalFossilsHydrogen SulfideIronOceans and SeasOxidation-ReductionSulfidesSulfur Isotopes

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

28167796

Citation

Zhang, Guijie, et al. "Redox Chemistry Changes in the Panthalassic Ocean Linked to the end-Permian Mass Extinction and Delayed Early Triassic Biotic Recovery." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 114, no. 8, 2017, pp. 1806-1810.
Zhang G, Zhang X, Hu D, et al. Redox chemistry changes in the Panthalassic Ocean linked to the end-Permian mass extinction and delayed Early Triassic biotic recovery. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2017;114(8):1806-1810.
Zhang, G., Zhang, X., Hu, D., Li, D., Algeo, T. J., Farquhar, J., Henderson, C. M., Qin, L., Shen, M., Shen, D., Schoepfer, S. D., Chen, K., & Shen, Y. (2017). Redox chemistry changes in the Panthalassic Ocean linked to the end-Permian mass extinction and delayed Early Triassic biotic recovery. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(8), 1806-1810. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1610931114
Zhang G, et al. Redox Chemistry Changes in the Panthalassic Ocean Linked to the end-Permian Mass Extinction and Delayed Early Triassic Biotic Recovery. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2017 02 21;114(8):1806-1810. PubMed PMID: 28167796.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Redox chemistry changes in the Panthalassic Ocean linked to the end-Permian mass extinction and delayed Early Triassic biotic recovery. AU - Zhang,Guijie, AU - Zhang,Xiaolin, AU - Hu,Dongping, AU - Li,Dandan, AU - Algeo,Thomas J, AU - Farquhar,James, AU - Henderson,Charles M, AU - Qin,Liping, AU - Shen,Megan, AU - Shen,Danielle, AU - Schoepfer,Shane D, AU - Chen,Kefan, AU - Shen,Yanan, Y1 - 2017/02/06/ PY - 2017/2/9/pubmed PY - 2018/4/13/medline PY - 2017/2/8/entrez KW - Panthalassic Ocean KW - end-Permian mass extinction KW - multiple sulfur isotopes KW - sulfidic waters SP - 1806 EP - 1810 JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America JO - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. VL - 114 IS - 8 N2 - The end-Permian mass extinction represents the most severe biotic crisis for the last 540 million years, and the marine ecosystem recovery from this extinction was protracted, spanning the entirety of the Early Triassic and possibly longer. Numerous studies from the low-latitude Paleotethys and high-latitude Boreal oceans have examined the possible link between ocean chemistry changes and the end-Permian mass extinction. However, redox chemistry changes in the Panthalassic Ocean, comprising ∼85-90% of the global ocean area, remain under debate. Here, we report multiple S-isotopic data of pyrite from Upper Permian-Lower Triassic deep-sea sediments of the Panthalassic Ocean, now present in outcrops of western Canada and Japan. We find a sulfur isotope signal of negative Δ33S with either positive δ34S or negative δ34S that implies mixing of sulfide sulfur with different δ34S before, during, and after the end-Permian mass extinction. The precise coincidence of the negative Δ33S anomaly with the extinction horizon in western Canada suggests that shoaling of H2S-rich waters may have driven the end-Permian mass extinction. Our data also imply episodic euxinia and oscillations between sulfidic and oxic conditions during the earliest Triassic, providing evidence of a causal link between incursion of sulfidic waters and the delayed recovery of the marine ecosystem. SN - 1091-6490 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28167796/Redox_chemistry_changes_in_the_Panthalassic_Ocean_linked_to_the_end_Permian_mass_extinction_and_delayed_Early_Triassic_biotic_recovery_ L2 - http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=28167796 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -