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Serum Folate, Vitamin B-12, Vitamin A, γ-Tocopherol, α-Tocopherol, and Carotenoids Do Not Modify Associations between Cadmium Exposure and Leukocyte Telomere Length in the General US Adult Population.
J Nutr. 2017 04; 147(4):538-548.JN

Abstract

Background: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a biomarker of the aging process and is associated with the risk of chronic disease. Higher exposure to cadmium may be associated with shorter LTL, and adequate nutrient concentrations may be associated with longer LTL; however, the potential interaction between metals and nutrients on LTL has yet to be examined.Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether serum concentrations of vitamins and carotenoids were associated with LTL, and whether they modified the association between blood cadmium and LTL in the US NHANES (1999-2002).Methods: We evaluated cross-sectional associations between LTL and serum concentrations of vitamin A, γ-tocopherol, α-tocopherol, folate, and vitamin B-12 (1999-2002; n = 7458) and α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein + zeaxanthin, and lycopene (2001-2002; n = 4018) in a nationally representative sample of US adults (≥20 y of age) with the use of multivariable linear regression. We further investigated whether vitamin and carotenoid concentrations modified associations between blood cadmium and LTL with models stratified by serum nutrient concentrations and the inclusion of an interaction term.Results: Blood cadmium was inversely associated with LTL (percentage of LTL difference per 1 μg/L = -3.74; 95% CI: -5.35, -2.10). Serum vitamin A was positively associated (percentage of LTL difference per 1 μg/L = 4.01; 95% CI: 0.26, 7.90) and γ-tocopherol was inversely associated (percentage of LTL difference per 1 μg/dL = -2.49; 95% CI: -4.21, -0.73) with LTL. Serum folate (P-trend = 0.06) and α-tocopherol (P-trend = 0.10) were marginally positively associated with LTL, whereas vitamin B-12 (P-trend = 0.78) was not associated with LTL. Serum carotenoids were generally positively associated with LTL. Serum vitamin and carotenoid concentrations did not modify blood cadmium and LTL associations (P-interaction > 0.10).Conclusions: Results from this cross-sectional study suggest that exposure to cadmium and certain nutrients may be associated with LTL in US adults, but the serum concentrations of the vitamins and carotenoids evaluated did not modify cross-sectional associations between cadmium exposure and LTL.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Nomura SJ
Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC; and sjo36@georgetown.edu.
Robien K
Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and.
Zota AR
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC.

MeSH

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overCadmiumCarotenoidsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFolic AcidHumansLeukocytesMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysTelomereUnited StatesVitamin AVitamin B 12VitaminsYoung Adultalpha-Tocopherolgamma-Tocopherol

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Language

eng

PubMed ID

28275103

Citation

Nomura, Sarah Jo, et al. "Serum Folate, Vitamin B-12, Vitamin A, γ-Tocopherol, α-Tocopherol, and Carotenoids Do Not Modify Associations Between Cadmium Exposure and Leukocyte Telomere Length in the General US Adult Population." The Journal of Nutrition, vol. 147, no. 4, 2017, pp. 538-548.
Nomura SJ, Robien K, Zota AR. Serum Folate, Vitamin B-12, Vitamin A, γ-Tocopherol, α-Tocopherol, and Carotenoids Do Not Modify Associations between Cadmium Exposure and Leukocyte Telomere Length in the General US Adult Population. J Nutr. 2017;147(4):538-548.
Nomura, S. J., Robien, K., & Zota, A. R. (2017). Serum Folate, Vitamin B-12, Vitamin A, γ-Tocopherol, α-Tocopherol, and Carotenoids Do Not Modify Associations between Cadmium Exposure and Leukocyte Telomere Length in the General US Adult Population. The Journal of Nutrition, 147(4), 538-548. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.243162
Nomura SJ, Robien K, Zota AR. Serum Folate, Vitamin B-12, Vitamin A, γ-Tocopherol, α-Tocopherol, and Carotenoids Do Not Modify Associations Between Cadmium Exposure and Leukocyte Telomere Length in the General US Adult Population. J Nutr. 2017;147(4):538-548. PubMed PMID: 28275103.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Serum Folate, Vitamin B-12, Vitamin A, γ-Tocopherol, α-Tocopherol, and Carotenoids Do Not Modify Associations between Cadmium Exposure and Leukocyte Telomere Length in the General US Adult Population. AU - Nomura,Sarah Jo, AU - Robien,Kim, AU - Zota,Ami R, Y1 - 2017/03/08/ PY - 2016/10/20/received PY - 2016/11/21/revised PY - 2017/02/06/accepted PY - 2017/3/10/pubmed PY - 2017/6/21/medline PY - 2017/3/10/entrez KW - cadmium KW - carotenoids KW - folate KW - telomere KW - vitamin A KW - vitamin B-12 KW - vitamins KW - α-tocopherol KW - β-tocopherol SP - 538 EP - 548 JF - The Journal of nutrition JO - J Nutr VL - 147 IS - 4 N2 - Background: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a biomarker of the aging process and is associated with the risk of chronic disease. Higher exposure to cadmium may be associated with shorter LTL, and adequate nutrient concentrations may be associated with longer LTL; however, the potential interaction between metals and nutrients on LTL has yet to be examined.Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether serum concentrations of vitamins and carotenoids were associated with LTL, and whether they modified the association between blood cadmium and LTL in the US NHANES (1999-2002).Methods: We evaluated cross-sectional associations between LTL and serum concentrations of vitamin A, γ-tocopherol, α-tocopherol, folate, and vitamin B-12 (1999-2002; n = 7458) and α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein + zeaxanthin, and lycopene (2001-2002; n = 4018) in a nationally representative sample of US adults (≥20 y of age) with the use of multivariable linear regression. We further investigated whether vitamin and carotenoid concentrations modified associations between blood cadmium and LTL with models stratified by serum nutrient concentrations and the inclusion of an interaction term.Results: Blood cadmium was inversely associated with LTL (percentage of LTL difference per 1 μg/L = -3.74; 95% CI: -5.35, -2.10). Serum vitamin A was positively associated (percentage of LTL difference per 1 μg/L = 4.01; 95% CI: 0.26, 7.90) and γ-tocopherol was inversely associated (percentage of LTL difference per 1 μg/dL = -2.49; 95% CI: -4.21, -0.73) with LTL. Serum folate (P-trend = 0.06) and α-tocopherol (P-trend = 0.10) were marginally positively associated with LTL, whereas vitamin B-12 (P-trend = 0.78) was not associated with LTL. Serum carotenoids were generally positively associated with LTL. Serum vitamin and carotenoid concentrations did not modify blood cadmium and LTL associations (P-interaction > 0.10).Conclusions: Results from this cross-sectional study suggest that exposure to cadmium and certain nutrients may be associated with LTL in US adults, but the serum concentrations of the vitamins and carotenoids evaluated did not modify cross-sectional associations between cadmium exposure and LTL. SN - 1541-6100 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28275103/Serum_Folate_Vitamin_B_12_Vitamin_A_γ_Tocopherol_α_Tocopherol_and_Carotenoids_Do_Not_Modify_Associations_between_Cadmium_Exposure_and_Leukocyte_Telomere_Length_in_the_General_US_Adult_Population_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -