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Omega-3 fatty acids' supplementation in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review.
Nutr Neurosci. 2018 Oct; 21(8):529-538.NN

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegeneration disorder characterized by progressive impairments of memory, language, reasoning, and other cognitive functions. Evidence suggests that omega-3 fatty acids may act as a possible protection factor in AD.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the results available in the literature involving omega-3 fatty acids supplementation and its effect on cognitive function in AD patients.

METHODS

A systematic review of MEDLINE (from PubMed), Excerpta Medica Database, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Inclusion criteria consisted in original intervention studies, controlled by placebo, that assessed the impact of supplementation or dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids on cognitive function, in humans with AD, without limitation for prime date of publication.

RESULTS

Initial search resulted in 361 articles. Seven studies fully met the inclusion criteria. Most studies did not find statistically significant results for the omega-3 fatty acids supplementation compared to placebo, and those who show some benefit do it only in a few cognitive assessment scales. However, the effects of omega-3 fatty acids appear to be most effectively demonstrated in patients with very mild AD.

CONCLUSION

The effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in mild AD corroborate epidemiological observational studies showing that omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial in disease onset, when there is slight impairment of brain function. Although some studies have shown changes in scales of cognitive function in more severe cases, they are not enough to support omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in the treatment of AD.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Canhada S
a Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
Castro K
b Postgraduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil. c Food and Nutrition Research Centre (CESAN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
Perry IS
c Food and Nutrition Research Centre (CESAN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil. d Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Academic Unit of Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense , Criciúma , Brazil.
Luft VC
a Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil. c Food and Nutrition Research Centre (CESAN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.

MeSH

Alzheimer DiseaseAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCognitionControlled Clinical Trials as TopicDiet, HealthyDietary SupplementsEvidence-Based MedicineFatty Acids, Omega-3Fish OilsFishesHumansNeuroprotective AgentsNootropic AgentsPatient ComplianceReproducibility of ResultsSeafoodSeverity of Illness Index

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Systematic Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

28466678

Citation

Canhada, Scheine, et al. "Omega-3 Fatty Acids' Supplementation in Alzheimer's Disease: a Systematic Review." Nutritional Neuroscience, vol. 21, no. 8, 2018, pp. 529-538.
Canhada S, Castro K, Perry IS, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids' supplementation in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review. Nutr Neurosci. 2018;21(8):529-538.
Canhada, S., Castro, K., Perry, I. S., & Luft, V. C. (2018). Omega-3 fatty acids' supplementation in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review. Nutritional Neuroscience, 21(8), 529-538. https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2017.1321813
Canhada S, et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids' Supplementation in Alzheimer's Disease: a Systematic Review. Nutr Neurosci. 2018;21(8):529-538. PubMed PMID: 28466678.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Omega-3 fatty acids' supplementation in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review. AU - Canhada,Scheine, AU - Castro,Kamila, AU - Perry,Ingrid Schweigert, AU - Luft,Vivian Cristine, Y1 - 2017/05/03/ PY - 2017/5/4/pubmed PY - 2019/1/4/medline PY - 2017/5/4/entrez KW - Alzheimer's disease KW - Cognition KW - Docosahexaenoic acid KW - Eicosapentaenoic acid KW - Neuroinflammation KW - Omega-3 fatty acids SP - 529 EP - 538 JF - Nutritional neuroscience JO - Nutr Neurosci VL - 21 IS - 8 N2 - INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegeneration disorder characterized by progressive impairments of memory, language, reasoning, and other cognitive functions. Evidence suggests that omega-3 fatty acids may act as a possible protection factor in AD. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results available in the literature involving omega-3 fatty acids supplementation and its effect on cognitive function in AD patients. METHODS: A systematic review of MEDLINE (from PubMed), Excerpta Medica Database, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Inclusion criteria consisted in original intervention studies, controlled by placebo, that assessed the impact of supplementation or dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids on cognitive function, in humans with AD, without limitation for prime date of publication. RESULTS: Initial search resulted in 361 articles. Seven studies fully met the inclusion criteria. Most studies did not find statistically significant results for the omega-3 fatty acids supplementation compared to placebo, and those who show some benefit do it only in a few cognitive assessment scales. However, the effects of omega-3 fatty acids appear to be most effectively demonstrated in patients with very mild AD. CONCLUSION: The effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in mild AD corroborate epidemiological observational studies showing that omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial in disease onset, when there is slight impairment of brain function. Although some studies have shown changes in scales of cognitive function in more severe cases, they are not enough to support omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in the treatment of AD. SN - 1476-8305 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28466678/Omega_3_fatty_acids'_supplementation_in_Alzheimer's_disease:_A_systematic_review_ L2 - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1028415X.2017.1321813 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -