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Twenty-four-hour ambulatory electrocardiography characterization of heart rhythm in Vipera berus-envenomed dogs.
Acta Vet Scand. 2017 May 03; 59(1):28.AV

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Vipera berus has a worldwide distribution and causes high morbidity in dogs annually. A complication to envenomation may be cardiac arrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, types, and timing of arrhythmias, using 24-h ambulatory electrocardiography (24-AECG), in dogs bitten by V. berus in the first 24-32 h after envenomation. In addition, this study aimed to investigate if there were differences in selected clinical and hematological- and biochemical variables (including cardiac troponin I) at admission between V. berus-envenomed dogs with and without detected pathologic arrhythmias. Seventeen prospectively recruited client-owned dogs acutely envenomed by V. berus, were therefore examined clinically and echocardiographically, sampled for blood, hospitalized, and monitored by 24-AECG.

RESULTS

Clinically significant pathologic arrhythmias in this study were of ventricular origin, such as frequent single ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) and couplets of VPCs, episodes of ventricular tachycardia and idioventricular rhythm, and "R-on-T phenomenon". Variations of these arrhythmias were detected by 24-AECG in eight (47%) of included dogs. No arrhythmias were detected by cardiac auscultation. Twenty-four hours following envenomation, four out of eight dogs experienced decreases (all P < 0.039), and three out of eight dogs experienced increases (all P < 0.034), in arrhythmic episodes. All four dogs bitten on a limb developed pathologic arrhythmias. Otherwise, no significant differences in clinical, hematological or biochemical variables were seen between dogs with pathologic arrhythmias and those without.

CONCLUSION

Forty-seven percent of dogs bitten by V. berus included in this study experienced pathologic arrhythmias of abnormal ventricular depolarization. During the first 24-32 h from the snakebite, some dogs experienced a decrease in arrhythmic episodes and others an increase in arrhythmic episodes. These findings indicate a potential value of repeated or prolonged electrocardiography monitoring of envenomed dogs for identification of which dogs that might benefit the most from prolonged hospitalization for optimal monitoring and treatment of cardiac abnormalities. In the present study, dogs that developed arrhythmias could not be differentiated from dogs that did not based on clinical findings or hematological or biochemical variables obtained at admission.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Vestberg AR
Anicura Regional Animal Hospital, Ljusnevägen 17, 12848, Bagarmossen, Sweden. anna.vestberg@anicura.se.
Tidholm A
Anicura Albano Animal Hospital, Rinkebyvägen 21a, 18236, Danderyd, Sweden. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Small Animal Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7084, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
Ljungvall I
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Small Animal Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7084, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.

MeSH

AnimalsArrhythmias, CardiacDog DiseasesDogsElectrocardiography, AmbulatoryFemaleMaleSnake BitesViper VenomsViperidae

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

28468664

Citation

Vestberg, Anna Rave, et al. "Twenty-four-hour Ambulatory Electrocardiography Characterization of Heart Rhythm in Vipera Berus-envenomed Dogs." Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, vol. 59, no. 1, 2017, p. 28.
Vestberg AR, Tidholm A, Ljungvall I. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory electrocardiography characterization of heart rhythm in Vipera berus-envenomed dogs. Acta Vet Scand. 2017;59(1):28.
Vestberg, A. R., Tidholm, A., & Ljungvall, I. (2017). Twenty-four-hour ambulatory electrocardiography characterization of heart rhythm in Vipera berus-envenomed dogs. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 59(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-017-0296-x
Vestberg AR, Tidholm A, Ljungvall I. Twenty-four-hour Ambulatory Electrocardiography Characterization of Heart Rhythm in Vipera Berus-envenomed Dogs. Acta Vet Scand. 2017 May 3;59(1):28. PubMed PMID: 28468664.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Twenty-four-hour ambulatory electrocardiography characterization of heart rhythm in Vipera berus-envenomed dogs. AU - Vestberg,Anna Rave, AU - Tidholm,Anna, AU - Ljungvall,Ingrid, Y1 - 2017/05/03/ PY - 2017/02/27/received PY - 2017/04/28/accepted PY - 2017/5/5/entrez PY - 2017/5/5/pubmed PY - 2017/11/3/medline KW - Ambulatory ECG KW - Arrhythmia KW - Dog KW - ECG KW - Snakebite KW - Vipera berus SP - 28 EP - 28 JF - Acta veterinaria Scandinavica JO - Acta Vet Scand VL - 59 IS - 1 N2 - BACKGROUND: Vipera berus has a worldwide distribution and causes high morbidity in dogs annually. A complication to envenomation may be cardiac arrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, types, and timing of arrhythmias, using 24-h ambulatory electrocardiography (24-AECG), in dogs bitten by V. berus in the first 24-32 h after envenomation. In addition, this study aimed to investigate if there were differences in selected clinical and hematological- and biochemical variables (including cardiac troponin I) at admission between V. berus-envenomed dogs with and without detected pathologic arrhythmias. Seventeen prospectively recruited client-owned dogs acutely envenomed by V. berus, were therefore examined clinically and echocardiographically, sampled for blood, hospitalized, and monitored by 24-AECG. RESULTS: Clinically significant pathologic arrhythmias in this study were of ventricular origin, such as frequent single ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) and couplets of VPCs, episodes of ventricular tachycardia and idioventricular rhythm, and "R-on-T phenomenon". Variations of these arrhythmias were detected by 24-AECG in eight (47%) of included dogs. No arrhythmias were detected by cardiac auscultation. Twenty-four hours following envenomation, four out of eight dogs experienced decreases (all P < 0.039), and three out of eight dogs experienced increases (all P < 0.034), in arrhythmic episodes. All four dogs bitten on a limb developed pathologic arrhythmias. Otherwise, no significant differences in clinical, hematological or biochemical variables were seen between dogs with pathologic arrhythmias and those without. CONCLUSION: Forty-seven percent of dogs bitten by V. berus included in this study experienced pathologic arrhythmias of abnormal ventricular depolarization. During the first 24-32 h from the snakebite, some dogs experienced a decrease in arrhythmic episodes and others an increase in arrhythmic episodes. These findings indicate a potential value of repeated or prolonged electrocardiography monitoring of envenomed dogs for identification of which dogs that might benefit the most from prolonged hospitalization for optimal monitoring and treatment of cardiac abnormalities. In the present study, dogs that developed arrhythmias could not be differentiated from dogs that did not based on clinical findings or hematological or biochemical variables obtained at admission. SN - 1751-0147 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28468664/Twenty_four_hour_ambulatory_electrocardiography_characterization_of_heart_rhythm_in_Vipera_berus_envenomed_dogs_ L2 - https://actavetscand.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13028-017-0296-x DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -