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The African cynodont Aleodon (Cynodontia, Probainognathia) in the Triassic of southern Brazil and its biostratigraphic significance.
PLoS One. 2017; 12(6):e0177948.Plos

Abstract

In this contribution we report the first occurrence of the enigmatic African probainognathian genus Aleodon in the Middle-early Late Triassic of several localities from the state of Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil. Aleodon is unusual among early probainognathians in having transversely-expanded postcanine teeth, similar to those of gomphodont cynognathians. This genus was previously known from the Manda Beds of Tanzania and the upper Omingonde Formation of Namibia. The Brazilian record of this genus is based upon multiple specimens representing different ontogenetic stages, including three that were previously referred to the sectorial-toothed probainognathian Chiniquodon theotonicus. We propose a new species of Aleodon (A. cromptoni sp. nov.) based on the specimens from Brazil. Additionally, we tentatively refer one specimen from the upper Omingonde Formation of Namibia to this new taxon, strengthening biostratigraphic correlations between these strata. Inclusion of A. cromptoni in a phylogenetic analysis of eucynodonts recovers it as the sister-taxon of A. brachyrhamphus within the family Chiniquodontidae. The discovery of numerous specimens of Aleodon among the supposedly monospecific Chiniquodon samples of Brazil raises concerns about chiniquodontid alpha taxonomy, particularly given the extremely broad geographic distribution of Chiniquodon. The discovery of Brazilian Aleodon and new records of the traversodontid Luangwa supports the hypothesis that at least two subzones can be recognized in the Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Martinelli AG
Laboratório de Paleontologia de Vertebrados, Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Agronomia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Kammerer CF
Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Berlin, Germany.
Melo TP
Laboratório de Paleontologia de Vertebrados, Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Agronomia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Paes Neto VD
Laboratório de Paleontologia de Vertebrados, Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Agronomia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Ribeiro AM
Seção de Paleontologia, Museu de Ciências Naturais da Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Da-Rosa ÁAS
Laboratório de Estratigrafia e Paleobiologia, Departamento de Geociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Schultz CL
Laboratório de Paleontologia de Vertebrados, Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Agronomia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Soares MB
Laboratório de Paleontologia de Vertebrados, Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Agronomia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

MeSH

AnimalsBrazilDinosaursFossilsMaxillaNamibiaPaleodontologyPhylogenyTanzania

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

28614355

Citation

Martinelli, Agustín G., et al. "The African Cynodont Aleodon (Cynodontia, Probainognathia) in the Triassic of Southern Brazil and Its Biostratigraphic Significance." PloS One, vol. 12, no. 6, 2017, pp. e0177948.
Martinelli AG, Kammerer CF, Melo TP, et al. The African cynodont Aleodon (Cynodontia, Probainognathia) in the Triassic of southern Brazil and its biostratigraphic significance. PLoS One. 2017;12(6):e0177948.
Martinelli, A. G., Kammerer, C. F., Melo, T. P., Paes Neto, V. D., Ribeiro, A. M., Da-Rosa, Á. A. S., Schultz, C. L., & Soares, M. B. (2017). The African cynodont Aleodon (Cynodontia, Probainognathia) in the Triassic of southern Brazil and its biostratigraphic significance. PloS One, 12(6), e0177948. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177948
Martinelli AG, et al. The African Cynodont Aleodon (Cynodontia, Probainognathia) in the Triassic of Southern Brazil and Its Biostratigraphic Significance. PLoS One. 2017;12(6):e0177948. PubMed PMID: 28614355.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - The African cynodont Aleodon (Cynodontia, Probainognathia) in the Triassic of southern Brazil and its biostratigraphic significance. AU - Martinelli,Agustín G, AU - Kammerer,Christian F, AU - Melo,Tomaz P, AU - Paes Neto,Voltaire D, AU - Ribeiro,Ana Maria, AU - Da-Rosa,Átila A S, AU - Schultz,Cesar L, AU - Soares,Marina Bento, Y1 - 2017/06/14/ PY - 2016/12/08/received PY - 2017/05/02/accepted PY - 2017/6/15/entrez PY - 2017/6/15/pubmed PY - 2017/9/15/medline SP - e0177948 EP - e0177948 JF - PloS one JO - PLoS One VL - 12 IS - 6 N2 - In this contribution we report the first occurrence of the enigmatic African probainognathian genus Aleodon in the Middle-early Late Triassic of several localities from the state of Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil. Aleodon is unusual among early probainognathians in having transversely-expanded postcanine teeth, similar to those of gomphodont cynognathians. This genus was previously known from the Manda Beds of Tanzania and the upper Omingonde Formation of Namibia. The Brazilian record of this genus is based upon multiple specimens representing different ontogenetic stages, including three that were previously referred to the sectorial-toothed probainognathian Chiniquodon theotonicus. We propose a new species of Aleodon (A. cromptoni sp. nov.) based on the specimens from Brazil. Additionally, we tentatively refer one specimen from the upper Omingonde Formation of Namibia to this new taxon, strengthening biostratigraphic correlations between these strata. Inclusion of A. cromptoni in a phylogenetic analysis of eucynodonts recovers it as the sister-taxon of A. brachyrhamphus within the family Chiniquodontidae. The discovery of numerous specimens of Aleodon among the supposedly monospecific Chiniquodon samples of Brazil raises concerns about chiniquodontid alpha taxonomy, particularly given the extremely broad geographic distribution of Chiniquodon. The discovery of Brazilian Aleodon and new records of the traversodontid Luangwa supports the hypothesis that at least two subzones can be recognized in the Dinodontosaurus Assemblage Zone. SN - 1932-6203 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28614355/The_African_cynodont_Aleodon__Cynodontia_Probainognathia__in_the_Triassic_of_southern_Brazil_and_its_biostratigraphic_significance_ L2 - https://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177948 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -