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Erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acids are inversely associated with incident dementia: Secondary analyses of longitudinal data from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS).
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2017 Jun; 121:68-75.PL

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess whether red blood cell (RBC) docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (DHA+EPA) levels have a protective association with the risk of dementia in older women.

METHODS

RBC DHA+EPA levels were assessed at baseline, and cognitive status was evaluated annually in a cohort of 6706 women aged ≥65 years who participated in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS). Cox regression was used to quantify the association between RBC DHA+EPA and the risk of probable dementia, independent of major dementia risk factors.

RESULTS

During a median follow-up period of 9.8 years, 587 incident cases of probable dementia were identified. After adjusting for demographic, clinical, and behavioral risk factors, a one standard deviation increase in DHA+EPA levels was associated with a significantly lower risk of dementia (HR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84, 1.00; p < 0.05). This effect estimate did not meaningfully change after further adjustment for baseline cognitive function and APOE genotype. For women with high DHA+EPA exposure (1SD above mean) compared to low exposure (1SD below mean), the adjusted 15-year absolute risk difference for dementia was 2.1% (95% CI: 0.2%, 4.0%). In secondary analyses, we also observed a protective association with longitudinal change in Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) Exam scores, but no significant association with incident MCI, PD/MCI, or baseline 3MS scores.

DISCUSSION

Higher levels of DHA+EPA may help protect against the development of dementia. Results from prospective randomized controlled trials of DHA+EPA supplementation are needed to help clarify whether this association is causal.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Ammann EM
Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Pottala JV
Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.
Robinson JG
Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Espeland MA
Department of Biostatistical Services, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Harris WS
Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA; OmegaQuant Analytics LLC, Sioux Falls, SD, USA. Electronic address: bill@omegaquant.com.

MeSH

AgedAged, 80 and overCognitionDementiaDocosahexaenoic AcidsEicosapentaenoic AcidErythrocytesFatty Acids, Omega-3FemaleHumansMemoryRisk FactorsWomen's Health

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

28651700

Citation

Ammann, Eric M., et al. "Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acids Are Inversely Associated With Incident Dementia: Secondary Analyses of Longitudinal Data From the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS)." Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids, vol. 121, 2017, pp. 68-75.
Ammann EM, Pottala JV, Robinson JG, et al. Erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acids are inversely associated with incident dementia: Secondary analyses of longitudinal data from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS). Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2017;121:68-75.
Ammann, E. M., Pottala, J. V., Robinson, J. G., Espeland, M. A., & Harris, W. S. (2017). Erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acids are inversely associated with incident dementia: Secondary analyses of longitudinal data from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS). Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids, 121, 68-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2017.06.006
Ammann EM, et al. Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acids Are Inversely Associated With Incident Dementia: Secondary Analyses of Longitudinal Data From the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS). Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2017;121:68-75. PubMed PMID: 28651700.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acids are inversely associated with incident dementia: Secondary analyses of longitudinal data from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS). AU - Ammann,Eric M, AU - Pottala,James V, AU - Robinson,Jennifer G, AU - Espeland,Mark A, AU - Harris,William S, Y1 - 2017/06/15/ PY - 2017/03/22/received PY - 2017/06/12/revised PY - 2017/06/13/accepted PY - 2017/6/28/entrez PY - 2017/6/28/pubmed PY - 2018/3/22/medline KW - All cognitive disorders/dementia KW - Alzheimer's Disease KW - Biomarkers KW - Cohort studies KW - Omega-3 fatty acids KW - Women SP - 68 EP - 75 JF - Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids JO - Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids VL - 121 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To assess whether red blood cell (RBC) docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (DHA+EPA) levels have a protective association with the risk of dementia in older women. METHODS: RBC DHA+EPA levels were assessed at baseline, and cognitive status was evaluated annually in a cohort of 6706 women aged ≥65 years who participated in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS). Cox regression was used to quantify the association between RBC DHA+EPA and the risk of probable dementia, independent of major dementia risk factors. RESULTS: During a median follow-up period of 9.8 years, 587 incident cases of probable dementia were identified. After adjusting for demographic, clinical, and behavioral risk factors, a one standard deviation increase in DHA+EPA levels was associated with a significantly lower risk of dementia (HR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84, 1.00; p < 0.05). This effect estimate did not meaningfully change after further adjustment for baseline cognitive function and APOE genotype. For women with high DHA+EPA exposure (1SD above mean) compared to low exposure (1SD below mean), the adjusted 15-year absolute risk difference for dementia was 2.1% (95% CI: 0.2%, 4.0%). In secondary analyses, we also observed a protective association with longitudinal change in Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) Exam scores, but no significant association with incident MCI, PD/MCI, or baseline 3MS scores. DISCUSSION: Higher levels of DHA+EPA may help protect against the development of dementia. Results from prospective randomized controlled trials of DHA+EPA supplementation are needed to help clarify whether this association is causal. SN - 1532-2823 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28651700/Erythrocyte_omega_3_fatty_acids_are_inversely_associated_with_incident_dementia:_Secondary_analyses_of_longitudinal_data_from_the_Women's_Health_Initiative_Memory_Study__WHIMS__ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0952-3278(17)30084-4 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -