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The Extent of Heavy Metal Pollution and Their Potential Health Risk in Topsoils of the Massively Urbanized District of Shanghai.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2017 Oct; 73(3):362-376.AE

Abstract

Urbanization and industrialization increase the concentrations of heavy metals in soils, which affect human health. A total of 127 topsoil samples were collected from the massively urbanized and industrialized district of Shanghai: Baoshan District. The sampling sites were isolated based on the land-use practice: industrial area, roadside area, residential area, and agricultural area. The absolute concentrations of heavy metals (Zn, Cr, Ni, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Cd) were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry and compared with Shanghai and the National soil background values. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and Nemerow pollution index were used to determine the existence and severity of the pollution of heavy metals. Enrichment factor (EF) analysis, spatial variability of pollution, and multivariate statistical analyses also were employed to determine the anthropogenic loading of heavy metals, their spatial dependency, and correlation among their sources, respectively. Moreover, potential ecological risk and human health risk [carcinogenic risk (RI) and noncarcinogenic hazard (HI)] were evaluated. The average concentration of all the metals (accounted as 229, 128, 56, 719, 55, 119, and 0.3 mg kg-1 for Zn, Cr, Ni, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Cd, respectively) was many folds higher than the background values. The indices depicted that the pollution exists in all the sites and severity decreases in the following order: industrial soils > roadside soil > residential soils > agricultural soils. However, Zn, Pb, and Cd showed high levels of pollution in all the soils. The EF values suggested that the majority of heavy metals are anthropogenically loaded; spatial variability showed that the pollution is more concentrated in Songnan town; Pearson's correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis suggested different sources of origin for the majority of the heavy metals. RI of Cr and Pb ranged between 2.8E-04 and 2.7E-07. However, HI was site-specific (only for Cr, Pb, Mn), and most of the sites were in Songnan town. This study could be used as a significant piece of information for management purposes to prevent heavy metal pollution and to protect human health.

Links

Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Jaffar STA
Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. taseer109@yahoo.com.
Luo F
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
Ye R
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
Younas H
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. younasseven@yahoo.com.
Hu XF
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
Chen LZ
Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.

MeSH

ChinaEnvironmental ExposureEnvironmental MonitoringEnvironmental PollutionHumansMetals, HeavyMultivariate AnalysisSoilSoil PollutantsUrbanization

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

28718158

Citation

Jaffar, Syed Taseer Abbas, et al. "The Extent of Heavy Metal Pollution and Their Potential Health Risk in Topsoils of the Massively Urbanized District of Shanghai." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol. 73, no. 3, 2017, pp. 362-376.
Jaffar STA, Luo F, Ye R, et al. The Extent of Heavy Metal Pollution and Their Potential Health Risk in Topsoils of the Massively Urbanized District of Shanghai. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2017;73(3):362-376.
Jaffar, S. T. A., Luo, F., Ye, R., Younas, H., Hu, X. F., & Chen, L. Z. (2017). The Extent of Heavy Metal Pollution and Their Potential Health Risk in Topsoils of the Massively Urbanized District of Shanghai. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 73(3), 362-376. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-017-0433-6
Jaffar STA, et al. The Extent of Heavy Metal Pollution and Their Potential Health Risk in Topsoils of the Massively Urbanized District of Shanghai. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2017;73(3):362-376. PubMed PMID: 28718158.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - The Extent of Heavy Metal Pollution and Their Potential Health Risk in Topsoils of the Massively Urbanized District of Shanghai. AU - Jaffar,Syed Taseer Abbas, AU - Luo,Fan, AU - Ye,Rong, AU - Younas,Hassan, AU - Hu,Xue-Feng, AU - Chen,Long-Zhu, Y1 - 2017/07/17/ PY - 2017/03/11/received PY - 2017/06/30/accepted PY - 2017/7/19/pubmed PY - 2017/12/7/medline PY - 2017/7/19/entrez SP - 362 EP - 376 JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology JO - Arch Environ Contam Toxicol VL - 73 IS - 3 N2 - Urbanization and industrialization increase the concentrations of heavy metals in soils, which affect human health. A total of 127 topsoil samples were collected from the massively urbanized and industrialized district of Shanghai: Baoshan District. The sampling sites were isolated based on the land-use practice: industrial area, roadside area, residential area, and agricultural area. The absolute concentrations of heavy metals (Zn, Cr, Ni, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Cd) were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry and compared with Shanghai and the National soil background values. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and Nemerow pollution index were used to determine the existence and severity of the pollution of heavy metals. Enrichment factor (EF) analysis, spatial variability of pollution, and multivariate statistical analyses also were employed to determine the anthropogenic loading of heavy metals, their spatial dependency, and correlation among their sources, respectively. Moreover, potential ecological risk and human health risk [carcinogenic risk (RI) and noncarcinogenic hazard (HI)] were evaluated. The average concentration of all the metals (accounted as 229, 128, 56, 719, 55, 119, and 0.3 mg kg-1 for Zn, Cr, Ni, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Cd, respectively) was many folds higher than the background values. The indices depicted that the pollution exists in all the sites and severity decreases in the following order: industrial soils > roadside soil > residential soils > agricultural soils. However, Zn, Pb, and Cd showed high levels of pollution in all the soils. The EF values suggested that the majority of heavy metals are anthropogenically loaded; spatial variability showed that the pollution is more concentrated in Songnan town; Pearson's correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis suggested different sources of origin for the majority of the heavy metals. RI of Cr and Pb ranged between 2.8E-04 and 2.7E-07. However, HI was site-specific (only for Cr, Pb, Mn), and most of the sites were in Songnan town. This study could be used as a significant piece of information for management purposes to prevent heavy metal pollution and to protect human health. SN - 1432-0703 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/28718158/The_Extent_of_Heavy_Metal_Pollution_and_Their_Potential_Health_Risk_in_Topsoils_of_the_Massively_Urbanized_District_of_Shanghai_ L2 - https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-017-0433-6 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -